Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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2 BERLIN. give their names to districts of the city, but to them have come in course of time 24 others. Greater Berlin is an area of indefinite limits, though it is generally held to comprise a group of 29 suburbs, of which the largest are Charlottenburg, Rixdorf, and Schöneberg, with populations in 1905 of 239,559, 153,513, and 140,010 respectively. The population of all the suburbs was 953,293, making the population of Greater Berlin 2,993,441, against 2,544,427 in 1900, or an increase of 17*65 per cent. It is noteworthy, however, that the growth of Berlin proper, as distinguished from the extra-metropolitan area, is rapidly reaching the inexorable ' limits imposed by the municipal boundaries on the one hand and the sanitary regulations as to housing accommodation on the other. In the west, south, and south-east the town has already advanced to the confines of adjacent suburbs, and it is only in the north and the north-east that any considerable expansion is yet possible. Not only so, but the purely business parts of the Centre are slowly but surely being depleted, as warehouse and shop more and more take the place of dwelling houses. The last census showed a decrease of population in a number of districts in or near to the Centre, and the time will undoubtedly come when Berlin will have its “ City,” a very busy area on the working days of the week, yet uninhabited and half deserted when business is temporarily at a standstill. Within 28 of the administrative “districts” (Bezirke), into which the wards are divided, the decrease between 1900 and 1905 amounted to from 10 to 20 per cent., and in 130 “districts” it was between 5 and 10 per cent. On the other hand, in 75“ districts ” the population increased more than 10 per cent., m 33 more than 50 per cent., and in 22 more than 100 per cent. While, however, owing to purely physical reasons, Berlin is quickly exhausting its capacity for expansion, the adjoining towns and suburbs, some of which still rank administratively as “ villages,” are growing with extra ordinary rapidity. This will be seen from the following table :— Berlin ... Charlottenburg Schöneberg Rixdorf Lichtenberg Reinickendorf Gross Lichterfelde Wilmersdorf Rummelsburg Pankow Tegel ... Zehlendorf Oberschönweide Population. 1875. 966,858 25,847 7,467 15,323 12.379 4,976 2,051 2.367 2,712 3,937 1,267 2,246 155 1885. 1,315,287 42,371 15,872 22,775 15,847 7,219 5,899 3,616 5,618 5,061 1,652 2,719 1895. 1,677,304 132,377 62,695 59,945 30,314 10,677 15,960 14,351 16,427 11,932 2,710 6,031 625 1900. 1,888,848 189,305 95,998 90,422 43,371 14,779 23,168 30,671 16,884 21,524 7,140 8,837 5,850 1905. 2,040,148 239,559 141,010 153.513 55,391 22,445 34,331 63,568 32,989 29,077 12,223 12,024 14,101 Increase per cent, during period 1900-1905. 8-01 26 55 46-89 69-77 27-71 5187 " 48-18 107-26 95-39 3509 71-19 36 06 14104 In some cases the growth of the suburbs is due to their popularity for residential purposes, but in others—Rummelsburg, Oberschön weide, and Te^el are examples—it is specially due to the multiplication of their industries and the consequent immigration of labour. Like most large towns Berlin has developed on the lines of class segregation. The official, professional, and leisured classes have their special residential districts, whilst in other districts the population is overwhelmingly of the working-class order. The former have appropriated the west and south, and the latter claim the north and east, while the classes and masses come into close contact in the north-west, on the fringe of one of the busiest •industrial areas in Berlin. Speaking generally, the working-class element is densest in the Wedding, Moabit, Prenzlauer and Schönhauser Allee districts of the North, in Reinickendorf, also lying to the North, in Weissensee in the North East, in the districts converging on the main arteries running East and in Rixdorf in the South East ; though lying outside to the Easf are towns like Rummelsburg and the two Schönweides, with a large labouring population!

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