Grundzüge der Sozialpolitik

Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 876559135

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-1676

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Borght, Richard van der http://d-nb.info/gnd/11625274X

Title:: Grundzüge der Sozialpolitik

Place of publication:: Leipzig

Publisher:: Verlag von C. L. Hirschfeld

Year of publication:: 1904

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 566 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: II. Teil. Arbeiterwohlfahrtspolitik

Collection:: Economics Books

212 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR peace time. It was proposed to divide the entire length of the front into a number of sectors. In the center of each sector an isolation station was to be set up, in charge of a doctor, or at least a junior medical officer. Gradually, hospitals containing wards for infectious cases were to be opened in connection with the isolation stations. Large hospitals for the treatment of infectious diseases, such as cholera, typhoid fever, etc., were opened in the cities, and treat- ment and medicines were given free of charge. Isolation stations would take charge of suspicious cases, the houses from which they were taken, as well as the clothing of the patients, would be disin- fected and, when serious epidemics were discovered, anti-epidemic detachments would be summoned. The difficulty experienced in carrying out this scheme was that the work had to be done with promptitude in unfamiliar surround- ings. Then there were the constant changes of position, for the re- treat of the armies inevitably gave rise to new problems from day to day, demanding immediate solution. Thus, the Warsaw Commit- tee began its operations on the left bank of the Vistula. Later it was forced to organize its work all over again between the Vistula and the Niemen, and finally found itself compelled to cross to the right bank of the latter river as the enemy advanced. During the great retreat of the Russian army, again, the medical organization of the northwestern front found itself pushed back all the way to Smolensk, and it was only slowly and gradually that it found it pos- sible later on to advance once more into the province of Minsk. This constant danger of further retreats made it necessary for the Union to make careful preparations for prompt action in the immediate rear. However, even in the provinces which were nearest to the war zone matters were far from satisfactory. Thus, for instance, out of a total of seventy medical sectors in the province of Smolensk, less than one-half were in working order, for there was a shortage of doctors, in consequence of their mobilization, for service with the army. The Zemstvo Union found it necessary to fight infectious diseases not only at the front, but also in the interior. The number of medical institutions established by the Union in localities where the heaviest concentration of troops was taking place was constantly increasing, so that as early as November, 1915, after the retreat was over, the committee of the northwestern front controlled 117 dispensaries and 48 hospitals for infectious

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