Reichstarifvertrag für das deutsche Buchbindereigewerbe und verwandte Berufszweige (VDB-Tarif)

The agricultural output of England and Wales 1925

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 877373647

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-2112

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Rybark, Joseph http://d-nb.info/gnd/103617865X

Title:: Die Steigerung der Produktivität der deutschen Landwirtschaft im neunzehnten Jahrhundert

Edition:: Sonderabdr.

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: Verlagsbuchhandlung Paul Parey, Verlag für Landwirtschaft. Gartenbau und Forstwesen

Year of publication:: 1905

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (IV, 55 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

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Title page

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Title page

Collection:: Economics Books

Taking the single years 1871 and 1925 the arable area declined by about 4,300,000 acres from 14,950,000 acres in 1871 to 10,680,000 acres in 1925 and the proportion of arable land from 56-8 per cent. to 41-5 per cent.; at the same time permanent grass increased from 11,380,000 to 15,070,000 acres, a gain of 3,700,000 acres, while the proportion of permanent grass rose from 43-2 per cent. to 58-5 per cent. The changes in the relative pro- portions are of course affected by the changes in the total culti- vated area mentioned. The movement to transform arable into pasture may have been operative even before 1870, but it was accentuated by the depression which set in during the following decade and was continued up to the outbreak of war. Under the stimulus of war conditions and controlled prices the arable acreage was considerably extended, mostly at the expense of the grass area, but with the termination of the war and the subsequent slump In prices, which was more marked in the case of cereals than In that of animal products, the war-time gain in arable acreage has been lost. Thus, omitting war-time fluctuations, there has been a steady and continuous decrease in arable cultivation. Before the war it was not a very rapid movement, the fall between 1901-05 and 1911-15 being 780,000 acres, or about 7 per cent. in 10 years. The average area in 1921-25 was much the same as in 1911-15, but the area in the last year of the period, viz., 1925, was only 10,680,000 acres, and the rate of decrease seems to be now somewhat higher than before the war. Reference may be made here to the very noticeable change which occurred in the returns in the year 1918. In that year the arable area was increased by 1,153,000 acres to 12,399,000 acres, and at the same time there was a decrease in permanent grass of 1,247,000 acres to 14,589,000 acres. In succeeding years the arable area declined until in 1925 it reached the figure above mentioned of 10,680,000 acres; but the area under Permanent grass only increased to 15,070,000 acres. Broadly it may be said that one-third of the cultivated land of the country (excluding rough grazings) is now ploughed annually, while two-thirds are either permanent grass or rotation grasses. If we take the total agricultural area (te. arable, permanent grass and rough grazings) the proportion Which is ploughed annually is naturally much smaller. The Proportions vary enormously in different parts of the country and this is shown graphically by counties in Map IV. The extent of grass land of one sort or another is very striking. 8. The arable area : tillage crops and clover and rotation grasses.— The arable area of the country may be divided into two Main groups, viz., clover and rotation grasses, and the land actually ploughed in any one year. For many years after the first collec- tion of acreage returns the area of clover and rotation grasses, although exhibiting considerable fluctuations from year to year, y: Cy

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