Banking standards under the federal reserve system

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 883967979

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-3049

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Gehrke, Franz

Title:: Die neuere Entwicklung des Petroleumhandels in Deutschland

Place of publication:: Tübingen

Publisher:: Verlag der H. Laupp'schen Buchhandlung

Year of publication:: 1906

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 121 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: III. Preisgestaltung

Collection:: Economics Books

346 BANKING STANDARDS rather than random behavior, a consistency extending alike to all of the twelve districts. 3. The tendency for ratios in the various districts and for the different groups of banks in given districts to regress to type. This phenomenon shows itself in two ways. First, ratios which are high or low in a given year tend, respectively, to decrease or to increase in the following year. As respects the type of change, increase or decrease, it is the ratios which are high—that is, above their average levels—which tend to decrease, and it is those which are low—that is, below their average levels—which tend to increase. Second, the net percentage changes in the ratios from year to year vary directly with the percentage amounts by which they deviate from their own average levels. The rule is for direction of change from year to year to vary inversely and for percentage amounts of change to vary directly with the positions which district and group ratios occupy, in the first of each pair of years, relative to their own average levels. 4. The tendency for ratios in the various districts and for the different groups of banks in given districts to be consistently above or below the country and the district averages, respectively. That is, in the case of the different districts, geographical differ- ences in the ratios in the various series of data tend to obtain, while for groups of banks within a given district, differences asso- ciated with bank size and location persist from year to year. In general, therefore, and in summary of the tendencies for the individual series analyzed, it is concluded as follows: Dis- trict ratios relative to their own levels tend to be high or low at the same time; relative to the levels for the country as a whole, they are consistently high or low during the entire period studied; and they change in the same direction from year to year, those above their levels in a given year tending to decrease, and those below these levels tending to increase in the following year, the percentage amounts of decrease or of increase varying directly with the percentage amounts of displacement from their own average levels. The foregoing summary has to do with series of banking ratios treated individually. But such series are not independent of each other in respect to bank operation, nor are they unrelated in so far as deviation from type—district or country—, change from

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