THE SOCIALISM OF TO-DAY. 
116 
CHAPTER VIII. 
CATHOLIC SOCIALISTS. 
I N former chapters we have given an account of the 
doctrines of the masters of German Socialism, Lassalle 
and Karl Marx. But in order to understand the power of this 
great movement of ideas against which the German Empire, in / 
the midst of all its triumphs, deems that exceptional measures 
are necessary, it must be studied in all its varieties, and these 
varieties are numerous. There are Democratic Socialists, In- ; 
ternational Socialists, Christian Socialists and Social Christians, 
Catholic Socialists, State Socialists, Socialists of the Chair, and 
many more besides. It is the Catholic Socialists whose ideas i 
we shall now endeavour to make known. 
An Italian diplomatist, Baron Blanc, a man of great pene 
tration, and one who had constant intercourse with Cavour, 
often told me how this great and far-seeing patriot had predicted 
that one day Ultramontanism would ally itself with Socialism- 
M. Blanc himself confidently believed this. Prince Bismarck, 
too, has many a time spoken of the union of the Red with the 
Black International, and in its good as well as its bad sense 
the saying is true. The two doctrines, Catholicism and Socialism, 
do, in fact, both place their ideal above and beyond the father 
land, and dream of the establishment of a new order of things 
in which the same principles shall reign everywhere. Whether 
it be a virtue or a fault, both are ready to sacrifice nationality 
to universality. The predictions of Cavour and Bismarck seem , 
to-day to be realized. In Germany the Catholic Socialistic 
movement can now count fifteen years of existence. At the 
last elections for the Imperial Parliament, Socialists and Ultra- !