VENEZUELA 
131 
mountains in 86 different tunnels and passes 
over 212 bridges, often coming out of a tunnel 
on a bridge and into a tunnel again. Every 
time a revolution started some of its bridges 
were blown up or tunnels blocked. The Eng 
lish road from La Guaira to Caracas, a dis 
tance of 23 miles, has nowhere 30 feet of 
straight track and goes up the mountain its en 
tire length at a gradient of 4 per cent. The 
road from Valencia to Puerto Cabello, a dis 
tance of 33 miles, owned by an English com 
pany, requires a rack and pinion supplemental 
track to negotiate some of its climbs. 
There are no manufactured products ex 
ported from this country. The few things 
elaborated within its confines, matches, 
candles, shoes, beer, alcohol, sugar and the 
like, are for local consumption. 
The chances are that its people will always 
be pastoral in their pursuits. Its coffee and 
cocoa are world famous and form a large pro 
portion of its exports, about 23 per cent, of its 
population being engaged in this line. In 
1912, $15,137,994 worth of coffee was ex