ioo  SELLING  LATIN  AMERICA

output,  was  exported  in  1912.  The  bulk  of
these  industries  is  controlled  by  American
capital  and  many  Americans  are  employed.
There  was  mined  in  Peru  in  1912,  268,000
long  tons  of  coal,  254,088  of  which  came  from
the  mine  owned  by  the  American  companies
operating  at  Cerro  de  Pasco  and  was  used
chiefly  in  the  smelters.  Geologists  estimate
that  there  is  a  carboniferous  area  in  this  country ­
  of  approximately  40,000,000  tons  of  coal.
Peru  is  fortunately  rich  in  being  the  possessor ­
  of  petroleum  fields  yielding  a  highquality
  oil,  much  of  which  goes  to  the  States
and  Europe  for  purifying.  One  local  refinery
has  a  capacity  of  300,000  gallons  per  month.
The  Standard  Oil  Company  owns  some  of
these  properties,  but  the  largest  holders  are
British  and  Italians.  In  1912,  214,947  metric
tons  of  oil  were  produced.  The  national  line
of  steamers  are  oil  burners.
In  1913  Peru  exported  over  $51,000,000
worth  of  cotton  and  $7,500,000  of  sugar;  $2,-000,000
  of  vicuna,  alpaca,  llama  and  sheep’s
wool;  $500,000  worth  of  cocaine  and  $3,000,-