CHILE 
69 
lower, and rains increase. To the extreme 
south there is much snow and cold with but 
little vegetation. 
There are practically no negroes in the 
3,500,000 of Chile’s population. Some writ 
ers estimate that 25 per cent, of the inhabitants 
are Germans, or of German descent, this na 
tion having many business men and large col 
onies in the Republic, especially toward the 
south and around Valdivia. Perhaps 50 per 
cent, are descendants of the Araucanian In 
dians by the early Spanish explorers. There 
is a large percentage of English; it is esti 
mated that in Valparaiso, a city of 250,000, 
there are at least 20,000 Anglo-Saxons. The 
French and Italian colonies are also quite 
numerous. 
Chile ranks third in South America in 
her railways, possessing a total of 3800 miles, 
nearly 2000 of which are owned by the Gov 
ernment. A longitudinal railway, designed 
to run practically the length of the country 
—2132 miles—from north to south, is in proc 
ess of construction. It will be connected with