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But no law relating to any of the above purposes
which has been passed and assented to by the
Governor-General, is invalid merely by reason of its
affecting such subjects.

Statute 34 and 35 Vic, Cap. 34 (1871) authorises
 local legislatures to make laws conferring upon
magistrates, being justices of the peace, jurisdiction
over European British subjects, similar to that which
would have been conferred by them over natives in
like cases ; past laws in this respect are rendered valid.
Where, however, a native would be liable to be sent
for trial to a Court of Session, a European is required
to be sent to the High Court. The Government of
India possesses and has exercised even more extended
powers over European British subjects.
The Governor-General in Council may, with the
previous sanction of the Secretary of State, constitute
Councils for provinces under Lieutenant-Governors, by
proclamation duly promulgated. The power has been
exercised, as already stated, in Bengal only. The
proclamation is required to state the time when it
shall take effect ; and the number of councillors to be
nominated for the purpose of making laws and regulations.
 One-third of such councillors must be nonofficial
 persons ; the nomination of members is subject
to the sanction of the Governor-General, In the
absence of the Lieutenant-Governor, the highest official
member presides : some official members must be
present at all meetings; and half the members must
be present, The provisions regarding a double or