424 
R 
Rae, John, use of economic terms 
by, 5, 65. 
Railway bonds, source of income 
from, 130. 
Railway capital, fallacious statis- 
tics of, 98. 
Railway control, value of, 35-36. 
Railways, disservices vs. services of, 
120; income accounts of, 138- 
139; real sum total of income 
of, 151; leases of, as examples 
of perpetual annuities, 208 ; fore- 
casting the value of property in, 
284. 
Rate of capitalization, 
See Capitalization. 
Rate of discount, 199, 200, 327-328, 
332. See Discount. 
Rate of flow, 52, 332. See Flow. 
Rate of interest. See Interest, rate 
of. 
Rate of value-return, 229-238. 
Ratios, income-capital, 185-186, 357. 
Raw materials, classification of, 7. 
Ray Act relating to bankruptcy, 83. 
Real estate, regarded as one class of 
wealth, 5; classification of, 7; 
inaccuracy in appraisement of, 
16-17; speculation in, 221-222, 
254. See Land and Land im- 
provements. 
Real income, concept of, 104-106, 
112-113. 
Realized income vs. earned, 231- 
236, 238, 247-255, 327-328, 
353. 
Real persons, accounting of, dis- 
tinguished from that of fictitious 
persons, 92-93, 138-139, 162- 
164, 174-175. 
Real wages, money-wages not, 104. 
Recapitalization of stock companies, 
70. 
Receiver, office of, in reorganization 
after bankruptcy, 86. 
Rent, as example of transfer of 
wealth, 150-151; and cost of 
production, 173-174; spurious 
distinction between interest and, 
186-187. 
194, 330. 
Reorganization resulting from bank- | 
ruptey, 86. 
Repair fund, regulation of income 
by, 259-263. 
  
    
INDEX 
Repairs, item of, in income and capi- 
tal accounts, 257-263. 
Report on Direct Taxation cited, 114. 
Repudiation of debts, 84. 
Reserves of capital held to avoid 
risk, 290. 
Resources. See Assets. 
Return. See Value return. 
Ricardo, on relation between capital 
and labor, 55; theory of rent of, 
187. 
Rider, W., definition of capital by, 
62. 
Right, definition of a, 20. 
Right to subscribe, 78. 
Rights in common, wealth under- 
lying, 27. 
Risk, element of, in determining 
capital-value, 205, 210; as 
applied to rate of interest, 271— 
274; as applied to immediate 
income, 275-276; coefficient of, 
277, 336; relation between 
amount of capital and, 277, 
408-409 ; five methods of avoid- 
ing, 288; avoidance of, by 
method of guaranties, 288-289, 
of safeguards, 289-291; safety 
devices for meeting, 290; re- 
duction of, by increasing knowl- 
edge, 291; avoidance and shift- 
ing of, by insurance, 291-294; 
shifting of, to speculators, 205— 
298; shifting by hedging, 299- 
300; effect of element of, on 
capital curves, 320-322; mathe- 
matical coefficient of, 403. See 
Chance. 
Risk of insolvency, 81. 
Roosevelt, Theodore, 170. 
Roscher, W., human beings counted 
as wealth by, 5 n.?; treatment 
of capital by, 54; definition of 
income by, 346-347. 
Runs on banks, 296, 297. 
8 
Safeguards, method of, to avoid 
risk, 288, 289-201. 
Safety devices, risk-meeting fune- 
tion of, 290. 
Sale, definition of, 11, 336. 
Satisfaction, concept of, 41, 324; dis- 
tinction between utility and, 
43-44, 53.