CHAPTER XVIII 
THE DOMINION JUDICATURE. 
THE relation of the Dominion to the administration of 
Justice may be considered under three heads, (1) the esta- 
blishment of Courts, and (2) the appointment of Judges, 
and (3) appeals to the Privy Council. 
Il. ESTABLISHMENT OF COURTS. 
Powers By section 101 of the B. N. A. Act 1862 the Parliament 
J, of Canada was authorized “from time to time to provide for 
Act. the constitution, maintenance and organization of a general 
Court of Appeal for Canada and for the establishment of any 
additional courts for the better administration of the laws of 
Canada.” And by section 41 power was given to the 
Parliament to provide for the trial of controverted elections. 
Under these provisions the following courts have been esta- 
blished, viz. the Supreme Court, the Court of Exchequer, Courts 
for the trial of controverted elections and a Maritime Court. 
The Supreme and the Exchequer Courts. 
In 1875 an Act was passed’ establishing an Exchequer 
Court and a Supreme Court, which are now regulated by 
¢. 135 of the Revised Statutes of 1886. and the 50 and 
51 Vie. c. 16. 
Court of Under the latter Act the causes in the Exchequer Court 
Bx. on. are heard before one Judge. 
L388 Vie 0 11.