122 THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM OF MOSLEM INDIA 
practised”; but the statistics for all districts (except Soratn) 
show the areas assessed or valued for most parganas, and, 
since we can scarcely set aside these figures as imaginary, 
we must suppose that, at some period or other, the culti- 
vated area had in fact been measured. It may be conjec- 
tured that the Regulation system had been introduced at 
some period after the 1gth year, and then discarded for 
Farming or Group-assessment, made with the aid of the 
data so obtained, but there is no evidence on which to found 
a definite conclusion! The statistics indicate the presence 
of Chiefs in the whole district of Sorath. and in a few places 
elsewhere. 
The foregoing summary takes no account of the systems 
in force in the mountainous tracts of Kashmir and Afghanis- 
tan. The arrangements in these regions were complex and 
peculiar, being adapted to the local conditions, and the 
description in the Ain contains much that is of interest to 
local historians, but throws no light on the working of the 
revenue administration of the Empire as a whole. The 
facts which have been brought together appear to justify 
the general statement that, at least up to the goth regnal 
year, Akbar adhered to the Regulation system, and extended 
it as far as circumstances permitted, but made no attempt 
to enforce it without regard to local conditions; and the 
most interesting question remaining is, How far local con- 
ditions were recognised inside the Regulation tracts? or, 
in other words, What portions of those tracts were in fact 
left under the jurisdiction of the Chiefs? - 
The data on record do not enable us to answer this ques- 
tion, for the indications on which we have to rely are of 
varying value. We can say with confidence that Rajputana 
was largely Chiefs’ country, and we can discern something 
like a ring of Chiefs round Gondwana—in the South of 
Allahabad and Bihar, in ‘the West of Orissa, in the North 
of Berar, and in the East of Malwa—but as regards the heart 
of the Empire much uncertainty exists. It is probable that 
11t is possible that Todar Mal may have introduced Measurement 
during his visit in the 23rd year “to correct the Valuation, and transact 
the business of Gujarat’ (T. Akbari; Add. 6543, f. 247r.), but I have 
found no record of what he did on this occasion.