CYCLICAL FLUCTUATIONS IN MIGRATION 151
That the volume of emigration, like that of immigration, of un-
skilled laborers is more dependent upon industrial conditions than
is the “no occupation” group is further indicated by comparing the
fluctuations in the monthly data for these two series corrected for
seasonal variation (Chart 31). The curve for the “no occupation”
group follows a fairly steady course, while that for the unskilled
element shows an erratic tendency. The depression of 1911, for
TABLE 43.—NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS, BY SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL (GROUPS
1908-1924a
Thousands of persons
YEAR Fon Laror- JARM po ov- Ser PROFES- Nooécu-
Dn GRANT ERS avo: ERS VANTS SKILLED SIONAL PATION
UNE ALIENS
1908 395.1 279.7 5i¢ 4.7 10.6 37.8 2.2 46.6
1909 225.8 118.9 3.0 3.0 10.2 21.9 1.8 30.5
1910 202.4 | 89.4 3.1 3.0 8.3 21.6 3.3 32.5
1911 295.7 | 174.0 6.5 | 11.6 9.2 33.5 2.9 | 40.4
1912 333.3 | 209.3 4.0 7.8 13.4 35.9 3.1 | 49.5
1913 308.2 | 191.6 3.9 6.1 16.2 31.6 2.9 | 45.4
1914 303.3 176.6 3.8 74 18.2 35.2 2.9 47.8
1915 204.1 127.9 | 2.5 3.4 | 12.5 20.1 2.3 28.5
1916 129.8 | 78.6 ' 1.8 2.5 8.0 13.9 2.1 17.4
1917 66.3 | 24.8 1.9 2.8 4.0 9.8 1.9 ' 15.9
1918 94.6 = 34.6 1.1 3.6 2.7 15.9 2.6 25.1
1919 123.5 74.1 0.5 2.6 2.8 11.0 2.6 22.2
1920 288.3 | 183.8 28 | 11.3 58 20.8 3.4 | 48.4
1921 247.7 135.2 2.1 10.5 5.5 21.5 3.4 51.7
1922 (198.7 [100.1 | 2.7 5.0 52 | 18.0 3.3 54.9
1923 81.4 | 32.9 0.900 "1 7 3.5 2.2 2.5 25.2
1924 76.8 = 37.3 0.3 1.6 2.7 73% 2.0 19.2
*Compiled from the annual reports of the U. S. Commissioner General of Immigration.
example, is marked by a sharp rise in the emigration of unskilled
laborers.
The post-war emigration movement is peculiar in several respects.
In the prosperous year 1920, emigration, ordinarily at a low ebb in
boom periods, reached the peak in all groups except the skilled
classes. This large emigration is probably in part at least due to
the previous interference of war and early post-war conditions with
the normal emigrant movement. Then, in 1921 and 1922, despite
depression in industry, emigration declines, this decline becoming
even more decided in 1923 and 1924. The primary reasons for the
