460 
STUTTGART. 
Stuttgart is not only the capital of Wurtemberg, it is the only large town 
in that Kingdom. Its population in December, 1905, was 249,286, equal to 
the combined populations of any nine other Wurtemberg towns. The 
original town, the nucleus of the modern municipality, has increased slowly, 
for Stuttgart, like Wurtemberg generally, took but a languid interest in the 
industrial developments of recent years until a comparatively short time ago, 
though now the past apathy has been thrown off. The more rapid growth in 
the last ten years has been specially due to the absorption of one suburb after 
another, until the municipal area now extends to 14,500 acres, much of it, 
however, park, vineyard, and forest. 
The growth of population since 1875 has been as follows :— 
Year. 
1875 
1880 
1885 
1890 
1895 
1900 
1905 
Population. 
107,278 
117,303 
125,901 
139,817 
158,321 
176,699 
249,286 
Increase. 
10,030 
8,598 
13,916 
18,504 
18,378 
72,587 
Increase 
per cent. 
9-3 
73 
11-1 
132 
11-6 
41-0 
Of the large increase which fell to the quinquennium 1900-1905 nearly 
half was due to the incorporation of outlying townships. 
The town is built around and upon the vine-clad slopes which confine the 
narrow valley of the Nesenbach, and here form a large amphitheatre. This 
picturesque position, however, has placed obstacles in the way of the town’s 
growth. As the mouth of the valley is blocked by a royal park, only the 
hillsides remained for the builder, and access, other than by winding roads, from 
the lower to the higher levels is in many places facilitated by long flights of 
stone steps. 
Though Stuttgart is essentially a modern town structurally, relics of 
past ages survive in the narrow little streets which are crowded together in 
the centre, and which represent the “ Altstadt ” or “Old Town.” Here are 
found many picturesque houses with high gables and heavy timber work, 
also remains of ancient monastic buildings—like the Klosterhof—which now are 
parcelled off into tenement dwellings or, if not so adaptable, are used as ware 
houses and stables. The modern houses are for the most part built of brick 
faced with stucco, or have a base of massive stonework with brick and stucco 
above, and red tiles are the prevailing roofing material. While the old houses 
are generally low structures of two or three stories, the newer ones have four 
stories with an attic story in addition. In the central district the ground floor 
is usually given up to trade or industry, and in the by-streets artisans and small 
craftsmen often work below and live above. The rise of rents and the needs of 
commerce have, however, gradually pushed the working classes from the heart 
of the town outwards towards the suburbs, and only those remain behind whose 
occupation requires it or who are content to inhabit the dilapidated dwellings of 
the “ Altstadt.” 
Stuttgart has a considerable variety of industry, yet it does not yet rank 
as a factory town. Its largest industrial works are situated in the outskirts, 
and in the villages farther away still which have been incorporated during the 
past twenty years. Wurtemberg, however, is not an industrial country to the