462 
STUTTGART. 
employing most workpeople were the machine and metal industries, the textile 
industry (and especially the hosiery industry, which employs women for the 
most part), the group of industries engaged in wood, the several branches of 
the polygraphic industry (book printing, lithography, art printing, &c.), the 
clothing trade, and the paper industry. 
Appended is a return of workpeople employed in 1905 in the factories and 
workshops under inspection comprised in the Stuttgart factory district. This 
return includes, besides the town of Stuttgart, the adjacent incorporated towns 
of Cannstatt, Untertiirkheim and Wangen, which in April were added to the 
original factory district :— 
Group of Trades. 
Number ! 
of 
Establishments. 
Number 
of 
Workpeople. 
Building 
Mining and smelting 
Metal working 
Machine, implement and apparatus making 
Textiles 
Clothing and cleaning 
Printing, lithography, bookbinding, Ac. 
Paper ... ... ... ... ... 
Woodworking and carving 
Chemicals 
Resins, varnishes, oil, soaps, candles, &c 
Food, drink and tobacco 
Leather ... ... ... ... 
Art industrial products 
Total 
45 
24 
148 
186 
43 
335 
86 
46 
151 
12 
11 
227 
20 
1,339 
731 
747 
3,095 
10,755 
3,090 
4,464 
3,760 
1,646 
3,160 
334 
420 
2,553 
434 
47 
35,236 
It will be observed how large a proportion of workpeople fall to the metal 
and machine trades, viz., 13,845, or 39'3 per cent., against 27*3 per cent, before 
Cannstatt and Untertiirkheim were incorporated. To the textile trade fall 
8’7 per cent, of the total against 9’2 per cent, before the factory district was 
extended, to the clothing and cleaning industry 12*6 per cent, against 13*3 per 
cent., to the wood industry 8*9 per cent, against 11’8 per cent., and to the 
printing and allied trades 10*6 per cent, against 14*9 per cent. Comprised in 
some of the foregoing groups of trades and industries are crafts in which 
Stuttgart has long excelled. The wood and carved goods group includes at 
least 1,500 men employed in the manufacture of pianos, some of which bear 
names of world-wide fame. The same group also comprises a number of firms 
engaged in the production of art furniture of a high class. Important glove and 
boot manufactories are included in the leather group, and the textile industry 
comprises many hosiery factories, in which the weavers and sewers (females) 
earn from 15s. to 18s. per week, with 21s. in exceptional cases. 
The engineering trade includes bridge building, boiler works, electro 
technical works, and general machine works ; the State Railway has a large 
construction and repairs works, while on the outskirts of the town, at 
Untertiirkheim, is the great Daimler motor-car manufactory, and at Cannstatt is 
a branch of the Esslingen machine works, almost as large as the parent 
establishment. The wages of skilled men in the engineering trade range in 
private works from 24s. to 36/?., while labourers earn 18s. Payment by piece 
is usual in all the important works. It is a general complaint in this industry 
that the supply of skilled labour is insufficient, in spite of the exceptional 
facilities for technical instruction which have been enjoyed in Wurtemberg for 
many years, and the larger works are more and more resorting to the practice 
of systematically training their own workpeople from the earliest stage of 
apprenticeship. There is a strong tendency for skilled men to desert the small 
for the large works, tempted in part by higher wages and the opportunity of 
doing work of a superior class, and this tendency, coupled with the check in 
the supply of labour, places the small works at a serious disadvantage. 
The great majority of the workpeople in the building trades are excluded 
from the foregoing return. The wages in these trades are in most cases fixed 
by agreements, payment being by the hour. It is a peculiarity of Stuttgart