254 PART V. 
the amount of money now circulating among the native population has 
increased enormously during recent years. 
Apart from the production of food crops for their own use the 
chief sources of revenue to the native grower in the sale of produce 
lie in livestock, hides and skins, ghee, maize, pulse, simsim, ground- 
nuts, cotton and copra. 
Inasmuch as a section of this Conference is interested particularly 
in cotton production it may be mentioned that the areas suitable for 
cotton production in this Colony are restricted to the low country on 
the border of Uganda, the Lake shore, parts of the Coast and small 
areas elsewhere. The volume of production of cotton will not reach 
large dimensions, and even in areas favourable to the crop the grower 
has the choice of other crops which may prove more profitable, 
depending upon the price realised for seed cotton. 
LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY. 
The numbers of stock, as shown in the Agricultural Census of 
1925, are: 
Buropean-owned : 
Cattle oh I) wh pe 216,589 
Sheep by Led he sean ATB 7006 
Pigs Kh Ed hs on 8,564 
Native-owned (estimated): 
Cattle 1 i ed ... 8,200,000 
Sheep and goats J ... 6,000,000 
Of the European-owned cattle, 80,626 are working oxen. The 
annual increase in breeding stock is small. Between 1922 and 1925 
the number of European-owned cattle (other than trained oxen) 
‘nereased from 119,988 to 185,963. About 68 per cent. of the 
breeding stock are of improved type. The chief breeds which have 
been used in cattle improvement are Shorthorn, Friesland, and 
Ayrshire. In recent years some other European breeds have been 
ntroduced. In 1925, 164 head of pedigree cattle of different breeds 
were imported chiefly from Britain and South Africa. 
An East African Stud Book was established in 1921 for the 
registration of pure-bred stock. The pedigree records are carefully 
sorutinised and endorsed by the Department of Agriculture before 
being published. 
The native-owned cattle are of the Zebu type and for the most 
part they are fine of bone and heavily fleshed, but they are small — 
the carcase varying from about 250 to 400 lbs. 
Stock diseases are prevalent, and it can safely be said that only 
through the activities and value of the services of the Veterinary 
Department is stock farming an economic proposition. The chisf 
diseases causing heavy mortality are: Rinderpest, East Coast Fever, 
and Pleuro-pneumonia.  Ixtensive use is made of immunisation 
services in respect of Rinderpest, and against pleuro-pneumonia cattle 
are being vaccinated In increasing numbers. In 1925, 185,888 head 
of cattle were double inoculated or otherwise treated againss 
rinderpest, with an average mortality of 2.2 per cent. During the lust 
year there has been a remarkable change of attitude of native stock 
Ywners to inoculation services. They are now offering their stock in 
large numbers for treatment against rinderpest and pleuro-pneumon.i. 
No less than 295,320 doses of pleuro-pneumonia vaccine were issued 
by the Veterinary Research Laboratory in 1925.