PART V. J
In all these markets the principle of auction was the guiding
factor; and they were all managed by salaried market masters. There
were of course open markets, in addition, managed by either a salaried
market master or a lessee, the latter system however leading to
fraud and neglect of care of markets.
Mr. KIRKHAM said that in Zanzibar, Government took 259% of
the clove production by way of duty, and this percentage of the cloves
was sold by Government auction once a week. Apart from this
auction, conditions in regard to marketing in Zanzibar were extremely
unsatisfactory. The small shopkeeper, who holds a licence, was the
chief supplier of small commodities, and he encouraged the nutives
to mortgage their clove harvest. Licences were necessary mu order to
sell cloves, copra, coconuts, ete., but anyone could obtain a licence
for a nominal fee, and the number of licences were too great for careful
supervision to be exercised. A reduction of middlemen was very
necessary in Zanzibar, and he would be glad if other delegates would
advise him as to the best method of effecting this.
Mr. SIMPSON advised that cloves should be taken out of the
ordinary category of Agricultural products, and that a special licence
should be necessary, say, of £5, in order that a man might be allowed
to deal in cloves. It would seem advisable to attempt to obtain
complete control of the clove market and to introduce regulations
confining the sale of cloves to specified places.
Mr. KIRBY said that the essential thing was to licence the place
of purchase rather than the purchaser.
In reply to Mr. Wood, he stated that in most cases the produce
markets in Tanganyika Territory were self-supporting.
CAPTAIN SHEEDY stated that, in Tangauyika Territory, livestock
 sales were controlled by the Veterinary Department. Definite
markets or sites for stock sales were laid down by the local Veterinary
Officer (with the Chief Veterinary Officer's approval) in collaboration
with the Administrative Officer, and sales outside these regulated sites
were prohibited. Such procedure was instituted mainly as a measure
towards the control and eradication of animal diseases, and its success
was now mani’ested by the complete absence of rinderpest in the
districts to which it had been applied. He mentioned that European
settlers in one district had opposed the scheme and were now
endeavouring to secure exemption for European stock farmers, as they
considered it too restrictive.
The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Holm) stated that he was much impressed
by the description of the marketing methods in Tanganyika Territory,
which seemed to be in the interest of native producers and of
commerce generally. It must be borne in mind, however, that
commercial interests are constantly pressing for freedom of operation
on the subiect of marketing.
Mr. WORTLEY explained that the Native Tobacco Board was
engaged in considering measures for the control of the native tobacco
industries with the main object of maintaining the quality of
Nvasaland tobacco.

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