PART 11. 
The native agriculturist then appears to need training, to need 
new seed, to be encouraged in the production of pure marketable 
types of produce, and perhaps to undertake a definite minimum of 
cultivation each year. The white man’s burden in Africa appears to 
be to supply the driving force through sheer personality, through 
legal action and perhaps by economic manipulation. 
Waar pokes THE Pastoranist Lack? He lacks water supplies, 
new blood in his stock, in himself the just commercial appraisement 
of his livestock, the desire to possess anything save livestock and 
women; in other words, generally, he wishes to be left alone, to 
increase his herds, to do as he pleases and wander if he wills it. 
He is seeking for his cattle immunity against disease, asking for 
inoculations, but in the main, the costs of these inoculations and such 
taxation as he may be called upon to pay, together with his small 
needs, are easily met from the sale of perhaps one animal and several 
skins or hides each year. 
As an instance of the rapidity with which tribes can accumulate 
livestock, the following is an example: The Samburu tribe, weak in 
numbers, to-day but 10,000 of all ages, fifteen to twenty years ago, 
were sheep and goat owning people who lived mainly in sheep country. 
On account of the presence of disease in their sheep and in the absence 
of their more acquisitive and warlike neighbours, the Masai, who had 
moved southwards, by a process of barter and subsequently by 
breeding, this tribe, formerly the owners of practically no cattle, in 
the space of under twenty years, is to-day the “possessor of quite 
120,000 head of low-value cattle in addition to over 150,000 head of 
small stock. With this as an illustration consider the insatiable 
capacity of many other native tribes, as an illustration, the Wakamba, 
who by increasing their herds have also peacefully occupied land 
outside their reserve. The difficulty would vanish were the cattle 
marketable and of a value beyond a local one. It is obvious, therefore. 
that when we endeavour to limit disease by inoculation we must at the 
same time increase the carrying capacity of the reserves, limit the 
numbers of cattle to a figure safe for an under average year, see to it 
that female stock is not crowded by the less useful oxen, queens and 
surplus bulls, and equally important we must educate the native to 
appreciate commercial quality in cattle. 
How, as a country, and as controllers, trustees, or whatever you 
will, are we to meet the needs? It should be realised that what we 
term ‘‘ needs '’ may be no such thing in the native estimation. 
Natives as a rule have few needs and they are quite able to meet most 
of their needs without much assistance. They are, however, 
mcereasingly desiring education and medical attention. What the 
native has are wonderfully valuable assets if used and developed. 
From an Imperial point of view it savours of foolishness to allow these 
assets to be misused, to allow them to depreciate, and to ignore their 
value in the scheme of things. But it would also be equally foolish 
to attempt development in advance of the capacity of the people. 
Although nominally wards, native tribes are given a considerable 
measure of what has been termed self-Government, and in their 
tenacity over such matters as land, wages, labour and leisure, rival if 
not surpass the strivings of groups of people in European countries. 
Much sympathy and a considerable amount of anxiety is shown for 
native tribes and native workers by people elsewhere who are relatively 
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