RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION 527 
separation, and bridge renewals and strengthening. Improvements 
to freight terminals, sidings, and yards were especially important on 
the eastern roads, improvements of the western roads being of a 
more general nature. : 
Electrification. . 
Track newly equipped for electric operation in 1925 exceeded the 
sntire electrifications for the five preceding years, totaling 236 miles 
as compared with 80 miles in 1924, According to the Electric Rail- 
way Journal, electrification of steam railroad lines was carried out by 
five companies. as follows: 
Staten Island Rapid Transit Co. (Baltimore & Ohio system)__________ 
Long Island Railroad __..__ 
Norfolk & Western Railroad... 
Virginian Railway _____._._._. A 
New York. New Haven & Hartford Railroad _ 
Total. 
Single track 
miles 
56. 00 
54. 00 
52.75 
38. 40 
35. 21 
246. 36 
Progress has been made on the Illinois Central electrification in 
Chicago, although it will not be in service for some months. 
Signal and Train Control Construction. 
Interlocking and signal construction was active in 1925. More 
equipment was placed in service than in any year since 1914 and 
prospects are good for an extensive program during 1926. Re- 
placement of older types of semaphore automatic signals with light 
signals occurred on a considerable scale. 
During 1925 the mileage of new automatic block signals completed 
in the United States and Canada totaled 2,641 miles of road, with 
3,874 miles of track. According to the Railway Age, installations of 
automatic signals in Canada and the United States during 1925 
totaled 2,209 semaphores and 2,444 light signals. 
Ninety-three interlocking plants were placed in service in 1925, 
four of which were in Canada. During the year 76 plants were 
entirely rebuilt, and overhauling and extensive additions were made 
to 17 others. 
In 1924 only two of the divisional gutomatic train-control instal- 
lations required by the first order of the Interstate Commerce Com- 
mission had been completed and four others almost completed. At 
the end of 1925, 24 of the 45 roads on which the first train control 
order is now effective reported at least one full engine division 
quipped, while two of the additional carriers covered by the second 
order also reported a division complete. The second order, issued on 
January 14, 1924, and now effective on 41 of the 45 roads included 
in the first order, required further that a second division be equipped 
with train control bv February 1. 1926. A few of the roads have