NATIONAL ORIGINS PROVISION OF IMMIGRATION LAW 
The Cmarrmax. So that if there is an element of uncertainty in 
the quotas thus far established, there would be like element of un- 
certainty in the effort to establish national origins? 
Senator Reep. That is just what I was trying to illustrate, Mr. 
Chairman. 
Mr. Boces. True. } 
Senator Remp. That element of error has to do with all of the 
1890 quotas, has it not? 
Mr. Bocas. Yes, sir. 
Senator Reep. In regard to those countries? 
Mr. Bocas. Yes, sir. 
Senator Reep. The whole quota is affected by that element of 
error ? 
Mr. Boegs. Yes, sir. 
Senator Rerp. Within the national origins you have two streams 
in which that element of error does not enter ? 
Mr. Boogs. Yes, sir. 
Senator Rerp. To sum it all up, which, in your judgment, involves 
the greater uncertainty, the greater possibility of error, the national 
origins as now determined or 18909 
Mr. Boges. Without having carefully recomputed—using the 
latest material we have-—the present quotas, I could simply give my 
impression—— 
Senator Reep. That is what we want. 
Mr. Boaes (continuing). And that is that the national-origins 
quotas as they have been computed, or as they will be slightly re- 
vised in the final report, are taken as a whole, at least as accurate 
as the present quotas. Many of the quotas are more accurate, 
Senator Reep. Mr. Boggs, have you made a study of the ratio of 
the various quotas to the various populations at present of the 
European countries to which they apply? 
Mr. Bocas. Yes, sir; I have had to do that in connection with 
utilizing the mother-tongue statistics and the foreign-source ma- 
terials. 
Senator Reep. By the way, before we go into this new matter, you 
have accumulated ‘a large amount of foreign-source material? 
Mr. Boggs. Yes, sir. 
Senator Rrrmp. Statistics of emigration from various countries? 
Mr. Boeas. Chiefly from Ireland, Germany, and Hungary. 
Senator Rern. And the Hungarian Provinces, like Croatia ? 
Mr. Boggs. Including Croatia-Slavonia. 
Senator Reep. Have you prepared in tabular form a statement of 
these ratios of quotas t6 present population ? 
Mr. Boees. In checking over the quotas reported last year, I 
worked out a map—I usually work on maps anyway—and checked 
up to see whether the net results reflected what I supposed they 
would in the way of immigration trends. In order to equalize them, 
of course, I had to compare the quotas with the population of the 
countries to which they apply; and I have computed the number 
in the quota per million’in the population of each country of Europe, 
both on the present basis and the national-origins basis as reported 
last year. 
Senator Reep. Give us the figures for Ireland. Great Britain, 
Sweden. Norway, and Germany.