174 FOREIGN TRADE ZONES 
Rail and highway connections.—Both free harbors are connected 
with the Reichsbahn (railroad), which owns and operates all the 
railway facilities in the harbor. Access to the free harbors is not 
good, as they are about 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) distant from the city 
and are connected with it only by one road and a railroad line. 4 
street car line also connects the city with the free harbors, 
Administration.—The management of the free harbors, as well as 
the other harbors, of Emden is in the hands of the Preussische 
Wasserbauamt Emden. The quays, sheds, etc., and the necessary 
equipment, as well as the storage space, are rented to private under- 
takings. The free harbor accommodations are rented at present to: 
1. Emder Verkehrsgesellschaft A. G. (a branch of the Hamburg- 
American Line, Hamburg) has rented shed No. 3 on the left side of 
the Aussenhafen and the necessary equipment. 
2. Hafenumschlaggesellschaft m. b. H. (Harbor Reloading Co., 
(Inc.)), an undertaking in which the Prussian State as well as the city 
of Emden is interested, rents shed No. 2 on the left side of the Aussen- 
hafen. This shed was converted for the storage of grain, and one 
traveling crane, adapted for use as a grain elevator, has been stationed 
here. This company has also rented the 12 loading bridges in the 
Neuer Binnenhafen, whereas the firm Fisser & v. Doornum has 
rented the other loading bridge in the Neuer Binnenhafen for the 
transfer of coal. 
At the end of the left bank of the Aussenhafen there are other 
bunker-coal firms, which have rented storage space there for bunker 
coals. Further the Deutsch-Amerikanische Petroleum Gesellschaft 
has three oil tanks there. 
The port as part of the waterways is under the port regulations. 
These contain the regulations of the traffic police, which protect the 
harbor from dangerous or impracticable uses being made of it by 
vessels. The harbor master superintends the carrying out of the 
regulations, and his subordinate officials render the necessary assist 
ance in making fast. Because of the expenditures which are required 
for the improvement of the harbors, port dues are charged, which are 
collected by the harbor office of the Wasserbauamt. 
The port as part of the railway is served by the German National 
Railroad, which is the proprietor of and manages the railway in its 
own name, 
Since the docks are provided with modern equipment, cranes 
gangways, lifting gear, etc., their operation requires trained gangs and 
their upkeep special expenditures. Payment therefor is collected 
from the various private firms which rent the docks. Contrary t© 
the practice in the port of Bremen, the ships’ work (discharging and 
loading) as well as shore work (transshipment of the goods into the 
sheds and into the railroad cars) is executed by the various private