126 ORIGINS AND INTERMARRIAGE IN THE REGISTRATION AREA 
The influence of length of residence as indicated by percentage North American born 
may be illustrated from Table 70. Some 74 p.c. of the married men of Danish exiraction 
had married outside their own stock, and over 91 p.c. of the Danes in Canada were born on 
this continent. The proportions on both counts were exceptionally high. The figures for 
che Swiss were 73 p.c. for intermarriage and 75 p.c. North American born. On the other hand 
only 23.5 p.c. of the Roumanian men had contracted exogamous marriages, and that group 
showed the small proportion of 46 p.c. North American born. Less than 38 p.c. of the 
Belgians were born in Canada and the United States, and they showed the small figure of 
28.2 p.c. males marrying with other peoples. From these examples it is obvious that length 
of residence and intermarriage are related. 
Yet we have ample evidence that length of residence in itself is by no means adequate 
to account for the varying proportions. The colour barrier is more important. The data 
for the Japanese, Indians and Negroes show this fact very clearly. Further, time seems to 
have little effect on the Hebrew aversion to intermarriage, and as a result that people may 
also be regarded as permanently unassimilable by marriage with the other peoples of Canada. 
The Ukrainians, with nearly 55 p.c. North American born, have intermarried to an almost 
negligible extent. The proportion of North American born is larger than that for any other 
Slavic people, yet the amount of intermarriage for their men is not appreciably greater 
than that for the Negroes and Chinese. The percentage of their women intermarrying is also 
very small. Nor are considerations as to length of residence in themselves adequate to 
explain the intermingling of the Austrians or Galicians with other stocks. Their men have 
married into other stocks to an extent only equal to the aboriginal Indians and their 
women to a smaller extent than the Negroes. Yet over half of both of these groups are 
North American born. The Poles and Russians are the other two important Slavic peoples 
in Canada. About the same proportions of these as of the Galicians and Austrians were 
born on this continent, yet twice the amount of intermarriage has taken place. Further, 
the Swedes with virtually the same percentage North American born as the four Slavic stocks 
mentioned, show a proportion married outside their own stock double that of the Poles 
and Russians and more than four times greater than that for the Austrians and Ukrainians. 
Such examples could be multiplied. Important as is length of residence, other influences 
are at work. Causes associated with origin naturally suggest themselves, but other more 
or less extraneous conditions exist, and attention is next directed to sex distribution. Since 
:his factor is subject to definite measurement it can be isolated and receive separate treat- 
ment. 
Sex Distribution—It has been suggested that sex distribution is something apart from 
origin, yet that is not strictly accurate. Indeed, in one sense it is primarily a matter of 
stocks, for, as was pointed out in Chapter III, certain peoples send as emigrants to Canada 
large proportions of unattached men, while emigration from other parts is composed chiefly 
of married men with wives and families. In some cases, however, the large surplus of males 
is due mainly to legal restrictions on immigration, as in the case of the Chinese and Japanese; 
and it might be argued that Europe furnishes many instances where the proportions of the 
sexes emigrating are determined by economic and other conditions in the homeland, quite 
apart from considerations of the stocks. But the principal reason why sex distribution was 
referred to above as extraneous to origin is that, given different proportions of males and 
lemales of marriageable age in a population group, the mathematical chance of a man 
marrying a woman of the same origin is entirely different from that of a woman choosing a 
ausband of like stock. The men and the women are of the same origin, but the extent of 
sndogamous marriage is influenced by their relative numbers. The differences in the rates 
for the two sexes are conditioned by the accident of sex distribution, even though that 
accident may be remarded as partially attributable to the characteristics of the particular 
stocks. . 
By way of illustrating the influences of sex, a few examples may be chosen from the 
data in Table 70. Nearly seven times as large a proportion of Chinese men as women inter- 
marry, which is in part due to the fact that there are thirty-three times more adult males 
than females of that origin in Canada. The Greeks. with a five times greater proportion of