SEMAINE D'ETUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L ANALYSE ECONOMETRIQUE ETC. 
1080 
3.6. It is scarcely necessary to point out that there is no 
conflict between the scientific and rational view of life, on one 
hand, and aims and objectives based on moral or cultural 
values, on the other hand. On the contrary, moral and cultural 
values which are truly universal, and are or narrowly sectarian 
or nationalistic in a restricted sense, must have an objective and 
rational basis. 
3.7. The advancement of science and the growth of the 
scientific outlook must be recognised as an essential condition 
for the modernisation of the less advanced countries. It is neces- 
sary for each country to have, as quickly as possible, a sufficient 
number of men with a scientific outlook to influence the think- 
ing of the nation. How to attract and hold a sufficient number 
of able persons to science is thus the crucial problem of national 
and world development. This can be achieved only through a 
proper and adequate social appreciation of science and 
scientists. The actual transformation must be brought about 
from within each country. Scientific aid from the advanced 
countries can, however, be of great help in this process. 
1. PRESENT PROGRAMMES OF TECHNICAL AID 
4.1. The need of technical aid has been recognized for some 
considerable time. Bi-lateral or multi-lateral and international 
‘echnical aid has often taken the form of either offering educa- 
‘ional and training facilities to young workers from the less 
advanced countries or sending technical or scientific experts 
to such countries. Considerable benefit has no doubt accrued 
through such aid but it is necessary to recognise that much effort 
has also been wasted. 
4.2. Scholars from the less advanced countries are usually 
selected on the basis of results of examinations; success in 
examinations not being a necessarily reliable indicator of scien- 
14] 
Mahalanobis I - pag. 21