136

PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM SCRIPTA VARIA - 2¢

1) In Fig. 2a the weight pn refers to each of the sugar molecules,
 and similarly for the estimate x in Fig. 3a. In Fig. 4a
the weight p holds only as an average for all of the nylon molecules
 subject to observation, and similarly for its estimate x
in Fig. sa.

2) Let M be the (average) second order momentum of the
molecules. For the sugar molecules the theoretical model illustrated
 in Fig. 2a gives

38)

M =?

and in the model illustrated by Fig. 3a a point estimate of M
is given by

(39)

Mer

For the nylon molecules the theoretical distribution gives, as
Ulustrated in Fig. 4a,

FAW

)

M =u

+

Nonstochastic variables subject to exact observation. a) Molecular
weight of sugar. b) Boys law PV —=c

where ¢ is the standard deviation of the distribution. The
simple point we wish to illustrate is that the inference (38) for

2] Wold - pag. 22