The Use of Ships

205

class, the committee will give the reasons for the selections and will
tell the type of cargo that will be carried, so that the other members may
ve induced to invest in the company.

D. Chief cargoes carried over routes through the Panama Canal.
[. The leading commodities shipped through the canal, in the order of their
tonnage, are grain, nitrates, coal, kerosene, lumber, and cotton. Why
would you expect these commodities to lead in tonnage, rather than such
goods as structural steel, canned goods, clothing, and straw matting?
Select one commodity shipped on each of the four routes listed below.
Find out (a) the country that probably produced the commodity; (b) the
probable port of shipment; (c) the country to which it is probably being
 shipped; (d) the probable importing port. In reporting to the class,
use a map of the world or a large globe to show the full journey of the
commodity. Explain your decisions. so that the class may judge of their
reasonableness.

’
7

RouTreE

EASTBOUND

[. United States coastwise


WESTBOUND

Canned fruit, canned salmon,
 lumber, pineapples.
 sugar

Coal, structural steel,
machinery, a great
variety of manufactured
 goods

II. Pacific coast of
North America
to Europe

Wheat, barley, canned
fruit, canned salmon,
lumber
Nitrates, iron ore, petroleum,
 sugar, wool,
lumber

Coal, structural steel,
great variety of manufactured
 goods

[II. West coast of
South America to
the United States
and Europe
[V. Atlantic coast of
the United States
to the Far East

Vlachinery, structural
steel, clothing, great
variety of manufactured
 goods
Kerosene, raw cotton,
machinery, great variety
 of manufactured
coods

Straw matting, curios,
rattan, bamboo, cinnamon,
 peanut oil
silk. tea. wool

l

The tonnage shipped through the canal from one coast of the United
States to the other is nearly as great as the combined tonnage of the remaining
 routes. Why is this?

E.
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The Great Lakes.

Draw a map of the Great Lakes. First trace the outline a few times.
Then locate a few points and sketch the outline from memory. Print on your
map the names of the lake cities mentioned in the text. Indicate the Soo and
Welland canals. Mark the position of the iron mines near Lake Superior.
The men who move the iron ore have this motto: ‘ Up by steam and down
by gravity.” Explain how this applies (a) in the iron ranges: (b) at the
Superior docks: (¢) at Cleveland : (d) at Pittsburch