CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE

WHAT EUROPE DOES FOR A LIVING

(A) AN Exercise IN PriMary PRropbuctioN, MANUFACTURING.
AND TRANSPORTATION

THE chief ways of getting a living are by (1) raising food, (2) raising
raw materials, (3) producing minerals, (4) engaging in manufacturing,
and (5) engaging in commerce. In this exercise we shall try to find
out in which of these ways the people of Europe get their living. The
more backward parts of the continent are engaged almost exclusively
in one of these occupations, while in the most advanced parts all five
are highly developed.
The parts of Europe that raise food. This book contains maps
of the following great food products:
Wheat (Fig. 38) Rice (Fig. 35) Cattle (Fig. 68) Rye (Fig. 43)
Corn (Fig. 89) Potatoes (Fig. 48) Sheep (Fig. 71) Barley (Fig. 45)
Oats (Fig. 40) Sugar (Fig. 54) Swine (Fig. 72) Grapes (Fig. 61)

|.

Make an alphabetical list of the countries of Europe arranged vertically,
and to the right arrange twelve columns headed Wheat, Corn, Oats, etc.,
according to the list of products given above. Turn now to Figure 38,
and after each country write something to indicate how much wheat is
produced in proportion to the country’s size, and also in what part of the
country it is produced, provided there are great differences from part to
part; then how much corn, oats, rice, etc. Your table will be something
like this:

Foop Propucrs oF EUROPE

COUNTRY

Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czecho- Slovakia
Denmark
Great Britain
Russia

WHEAT

little
much
much
some
little
some in southeast
much In south

CoRrN

none
none
much
none
none
none
little in south

OaTe

little
much
little
much
much
some
much in center

Fill out each of the other columns in the same wav.

>

Give each country credit for the amount of food which it raises by counting
 “ much” as equal to 3, “some ” as equal to 2, “little” as 1, and
“none” as 0. Add up the figures for each country and insert them on a
78