206 ON THE CAUSES

he produces costs him both: if he is only a
capitalist, it costs him only capital. In a civilized
 country instances of each kind may be
found, but the mass of commodities are determined
 in value by the capital expended upon
them.

The amount of capital is thus the chief, but
by no means the sole cause of value. Other
circumstances which have a regular influence,
cannot with any propriety be excluded. The
discredit, the danger, the disagreeableness of
any method of employing capital, all tend, as
well as pecuniary expenditure, to enhance the
value of the product: The time, too, which
a commodity requires before it can be brought
to market, is another circumstance affecting value,
 and frequently to a considerable extent.
[t would be an extraordinary phenomenon, indeed,
 if, in the interchange of commodities, the
minds of men should be influenced by one exclusive
 consideration: if, imbued as they are
with feelings of shame, and fear, and impaience,
 and others not necessary to enumerate,