L

190 |)

Many of the Native States, notably the Protected Sikh
States, the Rajputana States, some of the Central India States,
the Baroda State, and others have been greatly enriched by
the British railways which pass through their territories ; no
demand having been made upon them by the British Government
 on that account. Some Native sovereigns, as the Nizam,
Scindia, and Holkar, have furnished funds for the construction
of railways in their dominions. On the other hand, it is to be
remembered that the Rajput States made great concessions to
the wishes of the British Government respecting customs
arrangements with which the railways were connected. In
cases where British canals have passed through Native States,
such as the new canal from the Sutlej, a contribution has been
ziven by the States.

In civil expenditure, the Native States are for the most
part careful and economical. They shew a politic profusion in
all that relates to the functions of the priesthood, the religious
observances, and the popular festivals.
In their military expenditure they sometimes persist in an
extravagance which is injurious to the common weal. They
generally employ a large number of untrained men, where a
much smaller number of well-disciplined men would suffice,

The principal states may be briefly noticed.
Hyderabad under the Nizam is the most important
 of the Muhammadan states in India, The first
Nizam was appointed in 1713 by the Delhi Court,
ind the name merely represented a governorship
of the Deccan. In the intrigues and general anarchy
preceding the fall of the Moghal and the rise of
the British empire in India, many adventurers arose
to independent power, to be in their turn absorbed by