76 COSTS OF PRODUCING SUGAR BEETS. 
TaBLE 43.—Hours of direct labor on machine operations and indirect labor 
employed in the production of an acre of sugar beets 
SUMMARY FOR THE UNITED STATES AND ANALYSIS BY STATES, 1921, 
1922, AND 1923 
[Exclusive of contract labor, labor operating tractors, all machine labor hired at custom or piece rates, i. e., 
drilling beet seed, etc., and labor of supervising and managing] 
Hours of direct labor on machine oper- 
ations and indirect labor employed in 
the production of an acre of sugar beets 
ran 
United StateSeeeeeeen-.. 
Michigan oom eaemen tm 
ODIO eee eee eee eee Sm — 
NODIASKA Co coe mem 
Colorado........ EG rt oT om 0 0 etre 
TIBI «ccc i mmm RR BE Ft, 0 eer me 8 ee mem error mre 
TABTIO cc cm tn bimini mt se i 0 re mr sme meme mmm ome em mem mem 
Wyoming o.oo. 
MoODNtANS oan eee eee eeu 
California... ocoeee___.. ee 
1921 1922 
Per acre 
51.4 
Per acre 
52. 9 
48.5 
39.0 
54.8 
61.2 
53! 
B1. 
5¢. 
31... 
26. © 
Fil 
£ 
1923 
Per acre 
8.1 
48.8 
41.2 
53 2 
82 1 
wy ge 
3-year 
average 
Per acre 
52. 6. 
48.8 
40.1 
55.6 
60.7 
60. 4. 
63.4. 
60.5 
62.2: 
26. 8. 
TABLE 44.—Man labor— Average hours of labor required to perform once the various 
machine operations employed in the production of sugar beets 
SUMMARY FOR THE UNITED STATES AND ANALYSIS BY STATES, 1922 
[Per acre] 
Man hours per acre in— 
Operation 
Manuring. co ceeceeeeccaeaae. 
Cleaning ditches. o.oo... 
Removing trash... occu ... 
Disking before plowing....__. 
Crowning alfalfa... ..... 
PlOWING anes ceeeeeeeemee 
Disking after plowing _.._.... 
Leveling and floating. ..c..... 
Spike-tooth harrowing_....... 
3pring-tooth harrowing __.... 
Rolling, cultipacking and cor- 
rugating._..._.... —— 
Hauling fretilizer__...__._____ 
Hauling seed . RRR 
Planting... ooo] 
Preparations for replanting__. 
Replanting_.__ ._____________ 
Harrowing... occ. 
Rolling ...conocce meee 
Spraying__.__... A 
Cultivating... _..o____. 
Plowing ditches... 
[rrigating._ _.._...___. 
Lifting. __.______.__. 
Loading and hauling_________ 
United ' Mich-| | Ne- | Colo- Wyo- 
States ' igan ONO |yraskal rado | Utah | dsho ming 
13.4 9.7 
isl 1.4 
.8 14 
11 : 
4.7 
4.f ‘ 
1. 
87 
.4 
2.7 
ssegep: 
1.8 | 13.4 
Lz 1 
11 
i? 
4 AR 
4 
17 
1 
15. 2 
12.9 
! 
11.0 i 
14. 5 
12. 2 
Ark 
1U. . 
1, 
hl 
“ae 
Mon- | Cali- 
tana 1 fornia 
13.1 11.6 
37 em 
oe . 
1.4 .6 
4.61 5.1 
? 3.2 
.9 
1.3. 
.6 
+3 
.7 
1.0 
2.2 
.9 
+7 
.8 
1.0 
41 
3.8 
6.1 
Note.—All farms on which tractors were used were excluded from these tabulations. The above figures 
were obtained by dividing the hours.spent on each operation by the number of acres for which the operation 
was performed. As not all of these operations were performed on all farms, the sum of the hours spent on 
each operation may be greater than the average hours of man labor required on machine operations in the 
production of an acre of sugar beets shown elsewhere in this report.