FOREIGN TRADE ZONES 
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treaty ports, though the former is free to commerce in its entirety 
and the latter contains a free zone. 
Singapore is the great transshipment point for products of the 
surrounding countries of southeastern Asia. India, the Netherland 
East Indies, Siam, and Indo-China all send considerable quantities 
of raw materials to Singapore for sorting, grading, and repacking in 
preparation for the world’s markets. The central position and ship- 
ping facilities of the port make it an excellent assembling point for 
such products, and, in addition, spices, rubber, tin ore, copra, gums, 
and resins, hides and skins, and gutta percha are handled in this 
manner. Rubber is by far the most important raw material trans- 
shipped. Imports of this commodity in 1927 were valued at 
$170,570,000. It was largely received for reexport. 
Malacea is about 110 miles from Singapore. It is not important 
and is visited mainly by coasting vessels plying to Singapore and 
Penang. 
Aden is a British dependency on the southwest coast of Arabia. 
Perim, which forms part of the dependency, is a small island at the 
entrance to the Red Sea. The area of Aden is 75 square miles and 
of Perim 5 square miles. The colony is nonproductive, but it does 
a large transit trade to and from the neighboring countries. It is 
practically a free trade port, the only duties levied being on ammu- 
nition, wine, beer, and spirits. 
Gibraltar is a British Crown Colony, situated in the Province of 
Andalusia, Spain. It has an area of 174 square miles. Except in 
respect to alcoholic liquors and tobacco, it has been free to commerce 
since 1705. While formerly of commercial importance, trade on a 
large scale has practically disappeared. Commercial vessels now 
seek this port mainly for fuel or for orders. 
FREE PORTS 
As has previously been shown, the establishment of the segregated 
area in Genoa which is now operated as a free port was the result of 
the passage of the free port law of 1876; the free port of Leghorn 
Harbor as now in existence was established in 1883; the free zone in 
Trieste was organized in 1886 and began to operate in 1891. Free 
ports were established at Hamburg and Bremen in 1888, at Flens- 
burgin 1923, at Stettin in 1898, at Emden in 1901, at Copenhagen 
in 1894, at Danzig in 1896, at Stockholm in 1919, at Gothenburg 
and Malmo in 1922, at Cadiz in 1914, at Barcelona in 1921, at 
Bilbao in 1920, at Santander in 1923, and at Saloniki, Greece, in 
1925. Sulina, Rumania, was made a free transshipment point for 
grain by the European Commission of the Danube, which was con- 
stituted in 1856 by virtue of the treaty of Paris, In Italy a royal leg- 
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