THE  VESTIBULE  SCHOOL  289

indicated  by  the  psychological  tests  the  ability  of  new
employees.
2.  Provides  an  opportunity  to  observe  the  moral
qualities  of  new  workers.
3.  Provides  the  mechanism  for  bringing  unskilled  or
untrained  workers  to  the  desired  point  of  efficiency  with
the  least  possible  delay.
4.  Makes  it  possible  to  assign  people  more  carefully  to
the  work  for  which  they  are  best  fitted.
5.  Permits  the  new  employee  to  exercise  a  certain
amount  of  choice  in  his  work.
6.  Makes  it  possible  to  break  in  new  workers  by  easy
stages  instead  of  with  a  sudden  plunge.
7.  Promotes  a  better  selection  of  employees  by  decreasing ­
  the  necessity  of  hiring  only  for  the  immediate
needs  of  the  moment.
8.  Makes  it  possible  to  pay  and  to  rank  workers  on  the
basis  of  actual  work  done  under  controlled  conditions.
9.  Stimulates  the  development  of  new  employees  by
making  possible  competitive  trials.
10.  Provides  a  center  in  which  old  employees  can  be
renovated  and  unsatisfactory  employees  eliminated.  That
is,  it  can  act  both  as  an  outlet  and  an  inlet.
11.  Acts  as  a  shock  absorber  to  prevent  the  accumulation ­
  of  too  much  help  in  one  department  and  the  lack  of
help  in  another.
12.  Tends  to  promote  standard  practices  in  all  parts  of
the  shop  and  plant,  and  provides  an  excellent  avenue  for
the  plans  of  the  industrial  engineer.
13.  By  using  actual  work  as  a  basis  for  its  instructions,
the  vestibule  school  both  reduces  its  cost  and  prepares
the  employee  for  the  work  to  come.
For  the  sake  of  clarity,  it  may  be  added  that  the  vesti ­