Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1784950556

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-170296

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Syrup, Friedrich http://d-nb.info/gnd/130044288

Title:: Regelung des Arbeitsschutzes insbesondere der Arbeitszeit nach den zur Zeit gültigen Gesetzen und Verordnungen (nebst Ausführungsanweisungen) und dem Entwurf des Arbeitsschutzgesetzes (in der vom Reichsrat beschlossenen Fassung)

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: Verlag von Reimar Hobbing

Year of publication:: 1928

Scope:: 224 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Teil C. Die übrigen (außerhalb des Rahmens der Arbeitszeitverordnung und der Gewerbeordnung) ergangenen Gesetze und Verordnungen

Collection:: Economics Books

ASSISTANCE TO FARMING 147 a rule, were inclined to stress the needs of the peasantry, not infre- quently maintained that “to hand over to the soldiers’ wives money for the payment of wages to hired labor means simply an increase in their separation allowances, because they cannot find any hired labor, and the money will be devoted to some other purpose.” Public Initiative. The most important activity of the zemstvos and of the Zemstvo Union, however, centered elsewhere. Just as in other fields, so like- wise in agricultural life, the zemstvos became partly the initiators of the various enterprises and partly the centers, around which public initiative was able to rally. Where there were no zemstvos, or where they were inactive or indolent, relief was either not granted to all or, if granted, was inadequate. It may be said confidently, however, that this was unusual. In the overwhelming majority of cases relief was granted where there was actual want, and this not only by the relatives and nearest neighbors, but frequently by the combined ef- forts of the entire village community. In many places the zemstvos addressed appeals to the population of entire districts. Realizing that the printed page would reach the peasants very slowly, the zemstvos endeavored to influence them by means of those numerous small organizations which we have mentioned above, as well as through the various zemstvo workers whose business it was to keep in constant touch with the peasantry. Some of the zemstvos confined themselves to appealing and organizing; others promised to do everything possible to secure the proper direction of the relief work, and still others made their help dependent upon public support. Thus, the Moscow district zemstvo assembly attached to the grant of allowances certain conditions which were stated in an announce- ment, 2,000 copies of which were distributed among the volost offi- clals, codperative societies, zemstvo relief committees, and agronomic experts; the announcement declared that relief would be granted in amounts not exceeding two-thirds of the total sum required and that the balance would have to be raised by local organizations either from their own resources or by voluntary donations; it was pro- vided, further, that the participation of the peasants in relief work by personal service was to be counted as equivalent to a cash con- tribution.? | ® Izvestia (Bulletin), No. 21, p. 60.

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