Das Kapital: Der Produktionsprozeß des Kapitals

The shadow of the world's future, or The earth's population possibilities & the consequences of the present rate of increase of the earth's inhabitants

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Multivolume work

Identifikator:: 1780159447

Document type:: Multivolume work

Author:: Marx, Karl http://d-nb.info/gnd/118578537

Title:: Das Kapital

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: J. H. W. Dietz Nachf., G. m. b. H.

Year of publication:: 1926-

Collection:: Economics Books

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Volume

Identifikator:: 1780159595

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188277

Document type:: Volume

Author:: Marx, Karl http://d-nb.info/gnd/118578537

Title:: Der Produktionsprozeß des Kapitals

Volume count:: 1.1928

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: J. H. W. Dietz Nachf., G. m. b. H.

Year of publication:: 1928

Scope:: XLVIII, 768 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Vierter Abschnitt. Die Produktion des relativen Mehrwertes

Collection:: Economics Books

58 THE SHADOW OF THE WORLD’S FUTURE Mr F. A. Walker, an eminent American statistician and economist, that in 1790 there were in the United States only about 600,000 white families, few either very rich or very poor. Food was abundant, domestic tranquillity prevailed, and both social traditions and religious beliefs encouraged fecundity. The land was but slightly settled, and thus the people occupied what, virtually, was an unrestricted area.” Up till the year 1850, particularly in the north, instead of mechanical labour being employed, the farm labourers consisted of young men, who worked for a few years in order to acquire sufficient money to enable them to marry. These conditions enabled the population to increase freely. Between 1840 and 1850 a change, however, came. Artificial “ necessities” were multiplied, domestic service was extended, and women were introduced into factory labour. Then from 1861 to 1865 came the war of secession, which it was estimated caused a defect of 1,765,000 persons at the 1870 census-enumera- tion, notwithstanding that the immigration from Ireland and Germany had become enormous, as the following table shows: — De }r8z0 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 IMMIBTaNts \ 2 599 1713 2593 2314 2812 5246 3844 775 Despite the very large numbers of immigrants, the old rate of increase, of about 3 per cent. per annum, was never re-established. There is no doubt that the multiplying power of any people can best be exercised from within itself, if the thrift and energy, and the resolution to live humbly, are there. Probably also these last conditions promote, too, immigration of the best kind for the increase and quality of the population. Incidentally it may be noted that the fall in immigra- tion, for the decade ending 1870, is an instance con-

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