Geschichte des Zentralverbandes der Stickerei-Industrie der Ostschweiz und des Vorarlbergs und ihre wirthschafts- und sozialpolitischen Ergebnisse

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 833814885

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-28477

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Baumberger, Georg http://d-nb.info/gnd/119200082

Title:: Geschichte des Zentralverbandes der Stickerei-Industrie der Ostschweiz und des Vorarlbergs und ihre wirthschafts- und sozialpolitischen Ergebnisse

Place of publication:: St. Gallen

Publisher:: Hasselbrink

Year of publication:: 1891

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (278 S)

Collection:: Economics Books

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CONTENTS X] >eourred in the local distribution of industry can sometimes be explained on physical grounds, and sometimes with reference to convenience for trade. The concentration of trade was favourable to capitalist organisation ; and ihe migration of independent workmen tended to diffuse industry. Yorkshire proprietors found it profitable to encourage domestic weavers, and these men adopted labour-saving implements, to which wage-earners at the old centres took exception. i . . . . ‘ . . % . 500 227. The Capitalist and Domestic Systems in the Clothing Trade. Pains were habitually taken to open and retain foreign markets for English cloth, and to give the English manufacturers a preference in purchasing wool, After the Restoration, the export of wool was prohibited, despite the protests of the landed interest; and the home supply was supplemented from Ireland. The domestic weaver was at a disadvantage in the purchase of wool. Attempts had been made, even in Tudor days, to prevent the large undertakers from engrossing it, and to insist that they should pay the regulated wages, and should continue to employ their hands in bad times. Wage-earners were accused, in the eighteenth century, of embezzling materials; they formed combinations in Devon and Somerset, in Gloucester. shire, and at Norwich. The masters were allowed to combine to prosecute frandulent workmen, and inspectors were appointed to maintain the quality of goods. ’ ’ 3 . . . . v . . * 503 228. Differentiation of an Employing Class in other Trades. The differentiation of an employing class occurred in the spinning trade, and in 2loth-working. Capitalist supervision proved beneficial in these callings, as well ag among the felt-makers. In this calling, and also in the case of the tailors, the rise of capitalism was followed by organisation among the wage- earners. Capitalism appears at its worst in connection with framework knitting, a8 carried on by provincial undertakers in defiance of the London Company; but the new system was everywhere incompatible with old regulations. . ' . ’ ’ # 5 . ” » 610 229, Capital and the Planting of New Industries. The Huguenot incursion gave opportunities for planting new industries, which Parliament encouraged by legislation for promoting consumption at home, and by granting bounties on export. New fashioned textiles, of silk and cotton, were thought to supplant woollen goods; these exotic trades tended to develop on tapitalist lines. Domestic silk manufacture seems to have been superseded oy the intervention of capitalists, and introduction of machinery. Capital was subscribed for manufacturing sail-cloth, and the linen trade was de veloped on a co-operative system in Ireland, and in Scotland by means of public funds, and the development of credit. Scottish linen had better access lo foreign markets than Irish, and received more encouragement. . £18 230. The Hardware Trade and Colonial Industries. The hardware jrade underwent little change in organisation, but was exposed to difficulties irom the scarcity of fuel, which caused a migration of industry from Sussex, and stimulated the experiments of the Darbys for substituting the use of coal for charcoal, for smelting in blast furnaces, and for puddling. The rade flourished in districts where coal was available, and manufacturers were no longer dependent on pig-iron from Sweden, from Ireland, or the American colonies. . 599

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