PERU 
99 
Ilo. The docks at Callao, the leading port, 
are quite modern and capable of receiving the 
largest vessels. 
Peru’s products are chiefly mineral and agri 
cultural. 
Her mines have long been famous, produc 
ing gold, silver, copper, iron, coal, bismuth, 
lead, quicksilver, tungsten, antimony, molyb 
denum, vanadium and borax. Her petroleum 
fields are a source of much revenue. Her 
guano industry is being revived by protecting 
the birds which frequent the islands and by 
restricting the working of these deposits. 
Sugar cane, cotton, and rice are profitably 
raised. 
The forests of the eastern section are rich in 
cabinet and medicinal woods. 
Copper is the leading metal mined, the pro 
duction in 1912 being valued at $9,625,000, 
while the amount of silver extracted in the 
same period was $5,152,412. Vanadium, 
used for hardening steel, exists, the deposits 
being larger than in any other locality. More 
than $500,000, or 70 per cent, of the world’s