LANGUAGE, INTERMARRIAGE AND LENGTH OF RESIDENCE 167
TABLE 103.—PERCENTAGE 10 YEARS OLD AND OVER OF PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN ORIGINS SPEAKING
(1) ENGLISH AND (2) ENGLISH OR FRENCH AS MOTHER TONGUE, BY LINGUISTIC GROUPS, 1921.
Seandinavian—
Danish...voviiiiiinnnenn
Tcelandie..............
Norwegian...
Swedish.
Total... ..
Germenic—
Flemish......... :
Duteh......
German... .
Total...oovvvennn.
Latin and Greek—
Greek......covvvvnnnens
[talian.........oeeunen.
Roumanian.........
Total... ...
Slavic—
Austrian...... -...iieiiinnns
Bulgarian..............
Czechoslovak............co000
Blan corvevmpermmmmman sawn
PAlIal. onus ponies covwspny cos
Serbo-Croatian.............
Ukrainian. ...... wy pe
Totals ee iin nnnenns
JL EZ,
Percentage
speaking
English
as mother
tongue
D.C.
31-1
6-1
17-0
17.4
17:9
25-0
72-2
45-9
0.0
2.5
5:5
0.0
4
3-4
3-2
10-4
4d
5-5
2-0
n.p
Percentage
speaking
English
or French
as mother
tongue
p.C.
31-2
6-1
17-1
17-4
17-9
37.8
72-3
46-0
52-7
8-8
7:
25
6-8
3-5
3-4
10-4
4.
5-ig
0-§
3.4
LANGUAGE, INTERMARRIAGE AND LENGTH OF RESIDENCE
Table 104 (p. 169) presents for specified non-British and non-French stocks (1) the percentages
10 years of age and over unable to speak either English or French, (2) the percentage
speaking English or French as mother tongue, (3) the percentages of those who did not know
English as mother tongue, but had learned to speak it by 1921, (4) the percentages North
American born, (5) the percentage of males intermarried with British and Freneh, (6) the
percentage of males intermarried with British stocks, (7) the percentages of Canadian born
in cities of 25,000 and over, and (8) the average number of years immigrants arriving since
1901 from the corresponding countries of birth had been in Canada in 1921.
Intermarriage und Mother Tongue—That intermarriage and the proportions speaking
English and French as the mother tongue are very closely connected may be seen at a glance
on comparing Columns No. 2 and No. 5. With four exceptions, a high percentage speaking
the official languages of Canada in the home, is associated with a large amount of intermarriage
and wice verse. The four cases where the relationship does not hold are the
Bulgarians, Greeks, Italians and Icelanders. In each of the first three origins there are very
large surpluses of males in the population, and for each of these origins the men have intermarried
with the British and French several times as freely as the women. By using the
data for the males only, the amount of intermarriage for the group as a whole is thus
grossly overestimated, and were a table computed to measure the total amount of intermarriage
for both sexes, the correlation would be quite as marked in the case of those stocks
as for any of the others. The Icelanders are harder to account for, and indeed the only
suggestion that one ean put forward without further investigation, is that there is a marked
tendency to preserve the Icelandic language in the home when either their men or women
contract exogamous marriages.
The Learning of English—Passing to Column 3, which shows the number in each origin
who had acquired English as a percentage of those who did not speak it as the mother
