SEMAINE D'ÉTUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L’ANALYSE ECONOMETRIOUE ETC. ]143 
given sufficient proof that modern economies cannot be left 
to the free play of market forces, but must be controlled and 
directed both to anticipate undesirable economic situations and 
repercussions and to achieve certain of the community’s objec- 
tives. » While I hope that I will learn what developments in 
aconomic theory and what recent experiences of various eco- 
nomic systems result in so striking a conclusion, for the mo- 
ment I would only like to suggest the following paraphrase: 
« The application of economic analysis and recent experiences 
of various economic systems have by now given sufficient proof 
that modern or underdeveloped agricultures can not be subject- 
ed to agricultural development plans that impede necessary 
adjustments, result in exploitation of the farm population, fail 
to recognize the potential high returns to certain investments 
in agriculture, or restrict the potential gains from international 
specialization in production, but development plans must be 
consistent, efficient in the use of scarce resources, and not 
result in undesirable economic situations. » 
In this paper I shall try to do four things. First, I shall 
present a simplified skeleton of some of the interrelationships 
‘hat exist between agriculture and the rest of the economy as 
sconomic development occurs. Second, some of the major dif- 
ferences, as well as the similarities, in the agricultural problems 
of selected important areas of the world will be indicated 
Third, a review of plans or projections that have been made 
n two countries — the Soviet Union and the United States — 
will be presented to indicate some of the major sources of errors 
in projections and goals. Finally, I will emphasize some of 
the major analytical and statistical problems that arise in ma- 
«ing projections or creating development plans. 
-, Johnson - pag. 3