Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VII. Relief of families of mobilized men

Collection:: Economics Books

FAMILIES OF MOBILIZED MEN 139 of 13.5 rubles a month. The zemstvo investigation disclosed 1,700 families in particular distress and a total of 25,523 rubles was ex- pended for their relief out of the zemstvo funds by October, 1915. For the whole period from the beginning of the War this amounted to about 15 rubles a family. All other organizations operating in the district, together with private individuals, gave a total of 46,570 rubles for the benefit of 6,800 families, which made an average of 6 to 7 rubles per family for the entire period. At the same time, nineteen village relief committees, twenty parochial relief commit- tees, and sixteen other organizations were engaged in the relief of soldiers’ families in the same district, not to mention the official volost relief committees and the zemstvo commissioners directing the work locally. Of course, this is merely one instance, and the organi- zation of relief was probably quite different elsewhere. Nature of Relief. We now have to deal with the question of the nature of the relief granted by the zemstvos. Its more important features have already been noted in the table furnished above. We may combine them roughly in three groups: (1) direct assistance to families of mo- bilized men; (2) the care of the orphans of soldiers killed in ac- tion; and (3) assistance toward the upkeep of farms left without working hands. Direct aid was particularly needed by the families of workers and artisans in the larger cities, who found themselves in a truly des- perate situation after the outbreak of the War. In Petrograd the district zemstvo board hastened to organize relief committees (there were nineteen altogether) which began their work by opening soup kitchens in the school buildings, where about 6,000 dinners were supplied daily to families of mobilized soldiers, with milk for their children. Next in importance was the problem of housing. Those most desperately in need of dwelling accommodations, were quartered in the school buildings which stood idle during vacations. Then fol- lowed vigorous efforts on the part of the relief committees to find permanent quarters for these families, subscriptions were collected, premises were rented, and a considerable number of dwellings were placed at their disposal by the landlords rent free. These quarters.

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