Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter II. Activities of the zemstvo institutions on the eve of the war

Collection:: Economics Books

CHAPTER II ACTIVITIES OF THE ZEMSTVO INSTITUTIONS ON THE EVE OF THE WAR Revenue and Expenditure. In 1918 the territory in which the zemstvo institutions functioned covered an area of 3,200,000 square versts," with a population of 112,500,000, of whom 98,200,000 were rural. The whole of Euro- pean and Asiatic Russia, excluding Finland, had an area of 18,- B00,000 square versts, with a population of 170,900,000. The budget of all the provincial and district zemstvos in the forty- three provinces possessing these institutions amounted to 347,512,- 000 rubles in 1914. The zemstvo revenues were derived from the fol- lowing sources? Revenue in 191). Taxation: Land and forests Urban real estate Factories and other property outside cities Total revenues from real estate Government subventions Other revenues Grand Total In rubles Percentage 142,543,000 21,353,000 86.224.000 42.4 6.4 10.8 59.6 20.1 20.3 886.373.0000 100.0 We have already had occasion to point out how rapidly the finan- cial support of the zemstvos by the Government increased after the revolution of 1905. Quite insignificant as late as 1908, the govern- ment subsidies in 1914 already amounted to one-fifth of all the reve- nues. Still, the principal source of revenue remained the same as it had been at the time the zemstvos were established ; that is, taxation of land and forests (42.4 per cent). 1 One square mile = 2.7 square versts. * These figures cover forty out of the forty-three zemstvo provinces.

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