Natural resources of Quebec

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1796289558

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-181093

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Natural resources of Quebec

Edition:: Rev. ed.

Place of publication:: Ottawa

Publisher:: Natural resources intelligence service

Year of publication:: 1929

Scope:: 132 p; illus., maps

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter X. New Quebec or Ungava

Collection:: Economics Books

20 NATURAL RESOURCES OF QUEBEC on the southern shore of James bay, root crops are grown annually and pats have been successfully raised. According to Dr. A. P. Low's report, the large area of country situated to the south and southeast of James bay is covered by good clay soil capped with sandy loam. With proper drainage this portion of Ungava vould make excellent farm land. Climate.—The climate ranges from cold temperate, on the southern coasts, to arctic on Hudson strait and the high lands of the northern inte- rior, and is generally so rigorous that it is very doubtful if the country will ever be fit for agriculture north of latitude 51 degrees, except on the low- lands near the coast of James bay. The highlands of the interior have only two seasons, winter and summer, the abrupt changes occurring during the first two weeks of June and September. The temperature during the winter season is often very low on the interior high lands. At the North- west River post on lake Melville, where the temperature is moderated by the open sea, the average minimum winter temperature is 45 degree below zero, Fah. In the interior the summer temperature rarely rises above 80 degrees. Timber.—The forests of Ungava are continuous in natural growth over the southern part to between latitudes 52 degrees and 54 degrees, the only exception being the summits of rocky hills. To the northward of latitude 53 degrees, the higher hills are treeless and the size and number of the barren areas rapidly increase. In latitude 55 degrees, more than half the surface of the country is treeless, woods being found only about the margins of small lakes and the river vallevs, and the trees also decrease in size. Owing to the great destruction by forest fires, it is estimated that not more than one-sixth of this territory, known as the sub-arctic zone, has merchantable timber on it. Along the Nottaway river region, where the rainfall is abundant, the forest fires have not been so destructive. White spruce is perhaps the most valuable tree of the district. It grows to large size along the rivers and lakes. A considerable portion of the trees growing inland also attain good size. The black spruce grows more plentifully and a large proportion is of sufficient size for various useful purposes, such as fuel, buildings, railway ties, and pulpwood. Balsam fir grows abundantly throughout the region. White or canoe birch is plentiful in places. These extensive forests if preserved from fire will constitute a valuable reserve for future needs. Minerals.— Little prospecting has been done in New Quebec and the mineral resources are scarcely known. Iron ore appears to be the com- monest and is distributed over large areas, being found along the east

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