The agrarian system of Moslem India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VC. The seventeenth century

Collection:: Economics Books

THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 143 advance], they seize their wives and children, making them into slaves and selling them by auction.” We must not then read the orders as a complete code of procedure, pro- viding for all possible emergencies; the reasonable view is that they deal only with those matters on which a ruling was thought to be required, and that the treatment of defaulters was not one of these. An interesting provision in the farman is that which relates to the residual right of a Contract-holder who was unable to cultivate, or had absconded (H. 3.) His right to the holding remained in existence, and he was entitled to resume it when in a position to do so; but, during the period of absence or inability, the officials were empowered to let the land on farm, and if the income so obtained exceeded the contract-revenue, the surplus was to be paid to the holder. This is the earliest suggestion I have found of anything analogous to the mdalikana, or allowance to a landholder excluded from settlement, which was an important subject in parts of the nineteenth century. If Contract-holdings already existed at this period, it may be said that the orders we have been examining in- troduced little of importance into the Indian agrarian system. The provisions which clearly derive from the fatwas are matters of detail; rules regarding apportionment of the liability for revenue in case of transfers (H. 12, 13), revenue to be levied on vines and almond trees (H. 14), liability of Moslems to pay revenue instead of tithe (H. 14), 2xemption from assessment of land devoted to the endow- ment of a tomb (H. 15)—such rules as these could be en- forced without making any appreciable alteration in the [ndian system as it had developed under previous Moslem sovereigns, and they were doubtless useful to an adminis- tration which may have had to decide such questions in the course of its ordinary work. The system however in its broad outlines remained unchanged, unless we accept the view, which seems to me improbable, that Contract-holding was now recognised for the first time.

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