Economic essays

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 879455993

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-3116

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Fellner, Friedrich http://d-nb.info/gnd/171029097

Title:: Das System der Rentengüter und seine Anwendung in Ungarn

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: Puttkammer & Mühlbrecht

Year of publication:: 1905

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (VII,177)

Digitisation:: 2017

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Erster Theil. Das Rentenprinzip und seine Anwendung

Collection:: Economics Books

240 ECONOMIC ESSAYS IN HONOR OF JOHN BATES CLARK agerial capacities are also brought into play, and the labor forces are organized and directed with greater efficiency and economy. The other force developed by reduced hours is the great impetus given to the intellectual and artistic life of the worker, in consequence of the added leisure. Every invention is essentially democratic in its character. It will do for the many, more than it will do for the few. Schilling’s article indicates that, by the time it was written, labor theory was adjusting itself to the conditions imposed on it by the more exacting requirements of advancing economic analysis. The somewhat indeterminate wage thinking character- istic of the earlier eight-hour movement was becoming pro- gressively impossible. It is not intended to suggest any direct influence of the academic economists on the thinking of labor leaders; for such would be difficult to trace. None the less, the labor men were coming more and more to recognize a connection between wages and product, and with that growing recognition, the old eight-hour fire burned dimmer and dimmer, whatever might be the actual gains in achieving eight hours as part of a program of hard-headed labor reforms. The turn of the century, then, may be said to mark quite cer- tainly the ending of the eight-hour movement as a really sig- nificant element in Federation thinking. It is perhaps not mere coincidence that it marks, too, the beginning of a long period of intellectual stagnation in the Federation, a stagnation from which it was aroused only by the events of the war and the years following. Certain reasons for such a development are not hard to find. In the first place, Mr. Gompers had passed the half- century mark, and few men acquire many new ideas during their second fifty years. Then the mere working of the machinery of organization had in itself become a tremendous task, absorbing the energy and thought of the Federation leaders. The conflict with the anti-union manufacturers was growing more intense, and the unionists spent more and more time in the vain effort to pre- vent themselves from being entangled in legal red tape. The simplicity of the earlier contests, in which the unadorned threat of a strike largely served to bring unorganized employers to terms, gave place to the endless economic, political and legal com-

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