30 
NATURAL RESOURCES OF QUEBEC 
and Domestic Science schools. The Protestants retain the former classi- 
fication of Elementary, Intermediate and High schools. Secondary educa- 
tion is given in the classical colleges and the high schools, and also in the 
Primary Complementary, Primary Superior and Intermediate schools. 
There are four universities, McGill and Montreal in the city of Montreal, 
Laval in Quebec and Bishop's College in Lennoxville. Other educational 
institutions comprise nineteen normal schools for the training of teachers, 
Macdonald College School for Teachers, Ste. Anne de Bellevue 
schools of arts and manufactures, agricultural schools, domestic science 
schools, a dairy school, a school for higher commercial studies, technical 
schools. and schools for the deaf, dumb and blind. 
Bi-lingual Teaching.—It will be seen that Quebec possesses a 
rather unique organization adapted to the needs of a population divided 
into two parts by religious and racial conditions. Teaching in the public 
schools is bi-lingual and every holder of a teacher's diploma must pass 
an examination in the language which is not the candidate's mother tongue. 
Roman Catholics and Protestants are enabled to have their children 
taught in a school where not only is the parent's creed respected but where 
its tenets are regularly taught. No Roman Catholic is obliged to send 
his children to a Protestant or a merely neutral school nor to contribute 
towards its support, and vice versa for Protestants. Every group of