RELATION OF URBAN RESIDENCE TO NATURALIZATION 147
residence per se appears to be unfavourable to naturalization, if only because urban popu-
lations are generally more mobile than rural populations.
Turning now to a comparison between immigrants from the different countries of origin,
it will be demonstrated that those nationalities which show a preference for residence in cities
show smaller percentages naturalized than those among whom large proportions are rural.
TABLE 84. —PERCENTAGE NATURALIZED OF ALL FOREIGN BORN, COMPARED WITH PERCENTAGE
NATURALIZED IN CITIES 25.000 AND OVER. 1921.
Birthplace
All Foreign Countries....
Europe........
Austria. ...
Belgium...
Bulgarig.............
Czechoslovakia... ...o.oviini
Denmark...... co.ooviiniiiiiiiiiie oo
Finland...... rns baananas
France... ...ooevenvnvennnnienn anos
FAIS cscs srvunrnnce sine
germany....
Greece... ..
Holland. ....
{ungary....
iceland. ...
taly........
Jugo-Slavia....
NOTWAY hs van seve prema
Poland. yeuvss: svovmanins os
Roumania.... ............
Russia.......
Sweden.............. o
Switzerland.......... .
Ukraine. .........coovvearunnnns
Other European Countries...
a vinaven
China........... pve
JBM con ivr purine sr seas BRIE ERS VER ERE
Byrit cries suvin ina 02 maius dt Saninin ve
Turkey. .ocooviirininannnn oo
Dther Agiatic Countries...
United States.........coovviiiiiiiiinnann.
West Indies.......... -..
Other Countries...
(1)
Pe.
naturalized
in cities
25,000 and
over
40.48
54-88
47.56
32.41
70.3%
18.32
LT
16-49
“n.70
2.29
by.
JE
“88
9.89
9-74
3-1¢
5.6L
5-31
1-40
5-84
50-63
57-79
18.41
44-50
4.11
13-07
4-80
95-43
54-72
15.41
I
572
45 4
59.20
(2)
P.c. of total
oreign born
population
naturalized
‘Urban and
Rural)
57-75
57-88
59-39
42-08
22-39
55-71
56.34
15:72
57.16
tng
ar-89
29-32
48-29
72-32
6-36
0-22
13-66
71-65
51-04
10-52
62-40
67-43
53-92
54-73
12.09
15-86
4-78
33-49
58-39
46-63
49.74
£7.63
51-22
85.18
3»
Excess
Col. (2)
over
Col. (1)
8.27
300
11.83
9:67
2-07
7-29
0.82
- 0-7
14.4
2.
6
0-1
Q.Le
12.4"
+6)
~ £93
- .-96
16-34
~ 0-36
4-68
2-77
9-64
5-51
10-23
8-81
2-79
— 0-02
8-06
3-67
0-82
7.97
6-41
5-98
2.77
Table 85 shows the percentage of foreign born naturalized for each country of birth and
the corresponding percentage dwelling in urban districts in Canada. The census definition
of the term ‘urban’ includes all incorporated cities, towns and villages. The percentages
naturalized are arranged in order of size, Iceland standing at the top with the highest. and
China at the bottom with the lowest.
While the coeflicient of correlation between the two series was found to be only
r ==— -386 == +16, the conclusion is not warranted that no relation exists. There are many
forces at work other than urbanization, which affect different peoples in different ways and
in different degrees, sometimes diminishing and sometimes increasing the influence of urban
environment on naturalization. For example, difference in length of residence, in sex dis-
tribution, and in occupation are most potent disturbing factors, as is the diversity of
cultures. Yet in spite of the interference of all those factors, the fact that a coefficient of
correlation was obtained of even such moderate size suggests that there is an appreciable
inverse relationship between urban residence and the extent of naturalization, when com-
paring immigrants from one country with those from another.
A cruder method of determining whether any relationship exists is by comparing the
averages for the upper and lower halves of the table. The percentage naturalized for the
average of the upper 13 countries was found to be 65.0 p.c., while the percentage for the
v4499—10%
