MAJORITY REPORT. 
233 
_ 061. Tt has been suggested to us (Kinnear, Q. 23,651) that 
Im view of the difficulties which arise in the case of persons who 
remove from one part of the United Kingdom to another while 
retaining their membership in the same Society, national sec- 
tions of Societies which are separately valued should be given a 
further opportunity, if they so desire, of having in future a 
combined valuation. We have also considered the converse 
Proposition that international Societies with a single valuation 
should be given the option of separate national valuations. 
562. We consider that there are very strong arguments in 
favour of giving to international Societies a further opportunity 
of electing to have a combined valuation for the various coun- 
tries in which they operate. We are impressed by the fact that 
In the type of case we are considering there is no separate 
administration in respect of those portions of the Societies which 
are subject to separate valuation, and we feel that so long as 
& common administration is responsible for the conduct of the 
affairs of the whole Society, there should ordinarily be a common 
sharing of the contingencies against which the members are 
Insured. We understand, also, that when additional benefits 
first became payable it was ascertained that the effect of the 
Act and the Regulations was to place a member of such a Society 
changing his residence from one country to another in the same 
Position, so far as concerned additional benefits, as a person 
Who had changed his Society, thus depriving him for a time of 
his title to additional benefits. While Regulations have now been 
framed to obviate this hardship to the individual, it has been 
Necessary, in applying them, to disregard certain financial con- 
siderations which ought to have weight. We think, moreover, 
that the present conditions which require the maintenance of 
Separate funds for the separately valued national sections and 
the passing of transfer values in all cases of migration must 
seriously complicate the task of administration and add to its 
cost, without securing any adequate corresponding advantage. 
563. On the question of allowing unified Societies to establish 
Separate funds on a national basis, our opinion is equally 
definite. We think that combined valuation is now the normal 
Principle, and that the right of election for separate valuation 
1S no longer admissible. We do not, therefore, consider that 
1 the future any option should be given to international Socie- 
ties to make such a constitutional change as would enable them 
to be valued separately in respect of each part of the United 
Kingdom in which they carry on business. 
ASSOCIATIONS OF APPROVED SOCIETIES. 
564. Under the 1911 Act all Approved Societies which, at 
the date of valuation, had less than 5,000 members, were 
Yeéquired, for the purposes of meeting deficiencies revealed on