APPENDIX H 
273 
HINDUSTAN (Hindistin). In I3-14c., the country lying East 
or South of the centre of Moslem power; in 14c., usually the 
country beyond the Ganges: from 16c.. India North of the 
Narbada. 
[JARA. 16-18c., a Farm of revenue. The Farmer is usually 
Ijaradar; also Mustijir. 
[NAM (In‘dm). A reward. Applied specially to gifts made by 
the King, whether in the form of a sum of money, or a 
stipend paid in cash, or a Grant of revenue, In 17c,, 
commonly a Grant of revenue made to a high officer as a 
supplement to his Assignment. 
[TA (Iqt3‘). An Assignment of revenue: synonyms, Jagir, 
Tuyil. In 13-14c., also a Province, vide App. B. 
[QTADAR (Iqta‘dir). Holder of an Assignment. (Not used in 
the sense of Governor of a Province. who was designated 
Mugqti.) 
JAGIR. An Assignment of revenue. Synonyms, Iqta, Tuyil. 
JaMA (In Arabic, Jam‘, in Urdu, usually Jama‘). Aggregate. 
Discussed in App. A. (1) In accounts, the credit-side. 
2) In Revenue, either Demand or Valuation, according to 
the context. The phrase 1ama-i dahsdla is discussed in 
App. E. 
JARIB. A land measure; also, the measuring instrument. In 
I6c., used to denote assessment by Measurement, as synonym 
of Paimaish. 
Jiziva. The personal tax imposed by Islamic law on non- 
Moslem subjects. 
JowAR. A millet. (Andropogon sorghum.) 
KARAVANIYAN. Used by Barni to denote the itinerant grain- 
merchants, usually called Banjaras. 
KARKUN. Literally, agent or deputy. From 16c., usually 
means clerk, writer. The same meaning is appropriate in 
Ome I3-I4C. passages, but they are too few to show with 
certainty whether the word had become specialised bv that 
period. 
KuALisA (Khilisa). Land Reserved for the State, as opposed to 
land Assigned or Granted to individuals. 
KHARAJ (Kharij). Discussed in App. A. The tribute imposed 
by Islamic Law on non-Moslems permitted to remain in 
bccupation of conquered land: in India, revenue-Demand. 
Khariji denotes country liable to Kharaj, as distinguished 
from country paving tithe (Ushr).