THE SCOPE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS 20^
were naturally sufficiently interested in their work to
maintain the required moral level. Nevertheless, their
interests and moral traits varied noticeably as they were
shifted from one shop or office to another. Certain men
Were very enthusiastic about one place and quite the contrary
about another. They were anxious to finish some
shops as soon as possible while in others they were anxious
to remain even longer than the allotted time. Not only
their enthusiasm but their daily attendance, their attentiveness,
and the quality of their work were governed in
a marked degree by these changing factors. Whereas
one kind of work elicited the most desirable moral traits
in one man, it had quite the opposite effect on another.
At the end of the course all of the men found permanent
positions of widely differing kinds, and, in most cases,
their work was such as to elicit the best qualities in them.
There are, to be sure, certain individuals who have a
constitutional dislike for any work whatsoever, and there
are still others who have a fixed dislike for certain kinds
of work. There are also a few who manifest industry and
determination at any kind of work to which they happen
to be assigned. Their number, however, is scant. In
the vast majority of cases, the moral traits an individual
displays are determined by two variable conditions. These
conditions are first, a liking for a certain kind of work
for its own sake, and, secondly, a liking of the work for the
sake of the rewards which it makes possible. The former
is effective in the case of workers with a trade or a vocation.
The very fact that they have completed the term
of apprenticeship which is required to learn their trade
indicates that they possess at least some of the necessary
moral qualities. In order to engage and further develop
these qualities, it behooves the employment office to
