CLERKS 
T] 
'he most striking fact about these group averages is 
the decided superiority of the time-study group. As a 
flatter of fact, the members of this group were not strictly 
clerks, although they required clerical ability to a very 
high degree. The group was composed of young men, 
college graduates, whose duty it was to go into the shops 
a nd study operations of various kinds, observing and re 
cording with the aid of a stop watch the most minute 
elements which entered into those operations. This re 
quires not only a very high degree of technique, but an 
unusual degree of intelligence as well. On the basis of 
the tests, this group is very markedly superior to every 
other group, both in technique and intelligence. This 
corresponded exactly with the relative importance of the 
group, both from the point of view of the wages they re 
ceived, the work with which they were intrusted, and the 
office manager’s opinion. The differences between the 
r ernaining groups were not so marked. The ledger group, 
however, was higher than the other two in both tech 
nique and intelligence. This, again, corresponded with 
l he relative value and importance of the group. The two 
re maining groups, doing less important work and receiving, 
°u the whole, lower pay, were very much alike. The 
^omputing-machines group excelled the statistical group 
'u technique but was in turn excelled by them in intel 
ligence. This was in accord with the fact that the statis- 
tical group was engaged in work not quite so routine as 
that of the other group. 
As regards the ranking of individuals, the results of the 
tests were more striking. Every member of the first 
gtoup with one exception was ranked among the fifteen 
highest out of the entire number of fifty-two clerks tested. 
Th. 
e exception was a man whose work was unsatisfactory