8o 
EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY 
been abandoned for more specific tests of intelligence.) 
Another test used for this purpose was the “abstract 
relations” test devised by Prof. Robert M. Yerkes, Major 
in charge of the psychological section of the army. This 
test can not be given here because, at the time of this 
writing, Prof. Yerkes had not yet put it into final form. 
These tests were given to fifty-two clerks. The clerks were 
divided into four groups of about equal numbers, each 
group being engaged in a different type of office work. 
When all the tests had been given the results were com 
puted and tabulated so as to bring out the following points: 
(i) the rank of each individual with reference to all the 
rest; (2) the relation of each of the four groups to each 
other; (3) the relation between technique and intelli 
gence. The results were then submitted to the office 
head who compared them with his records and with his 
own opinion of the relative merits of the various individ 
uals and groups. This comparison showed a very marked 
agreement between the testimony of the tests and the 
rankings of the office manager. In the first place, a com 
parison showed a distinct difference between the four 
groups, both in technique and intelligence. The compari 
son was made by averaging the ranks of each individual 
in the tests and then averaging the ranks for each group 
as a whole. The result of this comparison may be ex 
pressed as follows: 
Average in 
Technique 
Intelligence 
Time-study group 
.... 92 
96 
Ledger group 
.. .. 82 
80 
Statistical group 
.... 77 
7i 
Computing machines and 
sorting group 
.... 79 
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