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EMPLOYMENT  PSYCHOLOGY

been  abandoned  for  more  specific  tests  of  intelligence.)
Another  test  used  for  this  purpose  was  the  “abstract
relations”  test  devised  by  Prof.  Robert  M.  Yerkes,  Major
in  charge  of  the  psychological  section  of  the  army.  This
test  can  not  be  given  here  because,  at  the  time  of  this
writing,  Prof.  Yerkes  had  not  yet  put  it  into  final  form.
These  tests  were  given  to  fifty-two  clerks.  The  clerks  were
divided  into  four  groups  of  about  equal  numbers,  each
group  being  engaged  in  a  different  type  of  office  work.
When  all  the  tests  had  been  given  the  results  were  computed ­
  and  tabulated  so  as  to  bring  out  the  following  points:
(i)  the  rank  of  each  individual  with  reference  to  all  the
rest;  (2)  the  relation  of  each  of  the  four  groups  to  each
other;  (3)  the  relation  between  technique  and  intelligence. ­
  The  results  were  then  submitted  to  the  office
head  who  compared  them  with  his  records  and  with  his
own  opinion  of  the  relative  merits  of  the  various  individuals ­
  and  groups.  This  comparison  showed  a  very  marked
agreement  between  the  testimony  of  the  tests  and  the
rankings  of  the  office  manager.  In  the  first  place,  a  comparison ­
  showed  a  distinct  difference  between  the  four
groups,  both  in  technique  and  intelligence.  The  comparison ­
  was  made  by  averaging  the  ranks  of  each  individual
in  the  tests  and  then  averaging  the  ranks  for  each  group
as  a  whole.  The  result  of  this  comparison  may  be  expressed ­
  as  follows:
Average  in

Technique

Intelligence

Time-study  group

....  92

96

Ledger  group

..  ..  82

80

Statistical  group

....  77

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Computing  machines  and
sorting  group

....  79

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