452 
STETTIN. 
Something less than one half of those 45,000 are employed in establish 
ments subject to inspection as factories or workshops, and a classification of 
these according to main groups of trades for the year 1905 is given in the following 
Table :— 
Workpeople employed in Factories and Workshops in Stettin in 1905. 
Group of Trades. 
Number 
of 
Establishments. 
Building 
Metal-working 
Machine, implement and apparatus 
making. 
Clothing ... ... ... ... •• 
Printing, lithography, bookbinding, &c 
Paper ... ... ... ... 
Wood-working and carving 
Stone and earth ... 
Chemicals, soap, oils, resins, &c. 
Food, drink and tobacco 
Other trades 
Total ... 
13 
28 
47 
283 
34 
13 
58 
17 
31 
170 
15 
709 
Number of Workpeople. 
Males. 
997 
315 
9,456 
541 
529 
336 
903 
1,306 
933 
3,315 
156 
18,787 
Females. 
10 
181 
1.107 
164 
273 
35 
61 
239 
614 
119 
2,803 
Total. 
997 
325 
9,637 
1,648 
693 
609 
938 
1,367 
1,172 
3,929 
275 
21,590 
The method of grouping, together with the fact that the figures relate only 
to persons employed in factories and workshops, impairs the value of the table 
as a means of showing the relative importance of the various local industries. 
Thus the shipbuilding industry, one of the most important in the town, is not 
even mentioned, the large body of labour which it employs being included 
under the heading machine, implement and apparatus making. The great local 
importance of the ready-made clothing trade, too, is obscured by the fact that 
home-workers dp not come under the factory laws as regards inspection. The 
same applies to the dock and transport labourers, who are estimated to number 
about 4,600, and to the building trades, in which the number of workpeople 
cannot fall far short of 7,000 (in 1895 there were 4,878 workpeople employed in 
the building trades). 
It is estimated that only about one-fifth of the industrial workpeople of 
Stettin are organised, and, as might be expected in such circumstances, 
collective bargaining is not much resorted to in fixing conditions of labour. 
General wages agreements are, however, in operation for the masons and 
bricklayers, stone-cutters, carpenters, compositors, bricklayers’ labourers and 
stevedores. In all but the last of these trades the time-wage system is the 
rule, and, as the agreement also fixes the length of the working day, it furnishes 
material for determining approximately the predominant rate of weekly wages 
without seeking returns from employers or workpeople. In trades where no 
wages agreements are in operation, information in the nature of returns based 
on the records of the pay sheets had to be sought from leading employers of 
labour or from their representatives, and this was in most cases readily 
conceded. In the case of the joiners, plasterers, stucco workers, plumbers and 
painters full particulars of wages and hours were obtained in a single return 
furnished through the courtesy of the Secretary of the Mutual Association of 
Employers in the Building Trade for purposes of Accident Insurance, an 
institution which has at its disposal a complete record of the time worked and 
wages earned by every man employed by any of its members in the course of 
the year. For the staple industries of the town, such as shipbuilding, machine 
construction, the manufacture of cement, fire-clay goods, chemicals and ready 
made clothing, &c., returns were secured from the leading employers of labour 
individually. As the majority of the workpeople in these trades are paid on 
the piece-wage system, it was endeavoured to ascertain from the pay sheets the 
most usual earnings in a full week without overtime during the month to which 
the inquiry related—October, 1905—and in most cases the effort was successful. 
Returns of the wages and hours of labour of the workpeople employed in the 
various branches of the municipal service were supplied through the courtesy of 
the Chief Burgomaster.